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Neurons rely on two interdependent mechanisms, homeostasis and neuromodulation, to maintain robust and adaptable functionality. Calcium homeostasis stabilizes neuronal activity by adjusting ionic conductances, whereas neuromodulation…
Astrocytes, the most abundant type of glial cell, play a fundamental role in memory. Despite most hippocampal synapses being contacted by an astrocyte, there are no current theories that explain how neurons, synapses, and astrocytes might…
We have investigated cooperative dynamics of an artificial stochastic resonant system, which is a recurrent ring connection of neuron-like signal transducers (NST) based on stochastic resonance (SR), using electronic circuit experiments.…
The activity of an isolated and auto-connected neuron is studied using Hodgkin--Huxley and Integrate-and-Fire frameworks. Main ingredients of the modeling are the auto-stimulating autaptic current observed in experiments, with a spontaneous…
Dynamical balance of excitation and inhibition is usually invoked to explain the irregular low firing activity observed in the cortex. We propose a robust nonlinear balancing mechanism for a random network of spiking neurons, which works…
Collective sensing by interacting cells is observed in a variety of biological systems, and yet a quantitative understanding of how sensory information is collectively encoded is lacking. Here we investigate the ATP-induced calcium dynamics…
In this letter we present the results of a simple model for intercellular communication via calcium oscillations, motivated in part by a recent experimental study. The model describes two cells (a "donor" and "sensor") whose intracellular…
Synchronized oscillations in networks of inhibitory and excitatory coupled bursting neurons are common in a variety of neural systems from central pattern generators to human brain circuits. One example of the latter is the subcortical…
The participation of astrocytes in brain computation was formally hypothesized in 1992, coinciding with the discovery that these glial cells display a complex form of Ca2+ excitability. This fostered conceptual advances centered on the…
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), also known as the circadian master clock, consists of a large population of oscillator neurons. Together, these neurons produce a coherent signal that drives the body's circadian rhythms. What properties…
Developing networks of neural systems can exhibit spontaneous, synchronous activities called neural bursts, which can be important in the organization of functional neural circuits. Before the network matures, the activity level of a burst…
Cortical neurons are bistable; as a consequence their local field potentials can fluctuate between quiescent and active states, generating slow 0.5-2 Hz oscillations which are widely known as transitions between Up and Down States. Despite…
Mammalian brains operate in a very special surrounding: to survive they have to react quickly and effectively to the pool of stimuli patterns previously recognized as danger. Many learning tasks often encountered by living organisms involve…
On the basis of experimental data and mathematical equations in the literature, we remodel the ionic dynamics of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) as an eigensystem formulation, which is valid for investigating finite variations of variables from…
We study an abstracted model of neuronal activity via numerical simulation, and report spatiotemporal pattern formation and critical like dynamics. A population of pulse coupled, discretised, relaxation oscillators is simulated over…
We study the statistical physics of a surprising phenomenon arising in large networks of excitable elements in response to noise: while at low noise, solutions remain in the vicinity of the resting state and large-noise solutions show…
Neural oscillations are universal phenomena and can be observed at different levels of neural systems, from single neuron to macroscopic brain. The frequency of those oscillations are related to the brain functions. However, little is know…
Neurons in cortical circuits exhibit coordinated spiking activity, and can produce correlated synchronous spikes during behavior and cognition. We recently developed a method for estimating the dynamics of correlated ensemble activity by…
We show that in model neuronal cultures, where the probability of interneuronal connection formation decreases exponentially with increasing distance between the neurons, there exists a small number of spatial nucleation centers of a…
During early development, waves of activity propagate across the retina and play a key role in the proper wiring of the early visual system. During the stage II these waves are triggered by a transient network of neurons, called Starburst…