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In this paper we investigate the influence of the discretization of PDE constraints on shape and topological derivatives. To this end, we study a tracking-type functional and a two-material Poisson problem in one spatial dimension. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-01 M. H. Gfrerer , P. Gangl

The maximum entropy principle is a powerful tool for solving underdetermined inverse problems. This paper considers the problem of discretizing a continuous distribution, which arises in various applied fields. We obtain the approximating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-05 Ken'ichiro Tanaka , Alexis Akira Toda

The accuracy of deep learning, i.e., deep neural networks, can be characterized by dividing the total error into three main types: approximation error, optimization error, and generalization error. Whereas there are some satisfactory…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-03 Pengzhan Jin , Lu Lu , Yifa Tang , George Em Karniadakis

In this paper we study $L_2$-norm sampling discretization and sampling recovery of complex-valued functions in RKHS on $D \subset \R^d$ based on random function samples. We only assume the finite trace of the kernel (Hilbert-Schmidt…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-03 Moritz Moeller , Tino Ullrich

We derive optimal rates of convergence in the supremum norm for estimating the H\"older-smooth mean function of a stochastic process which is repeatedly and discretely observed with additional errors at fixed, multivariate, synchronous…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-09 Max Berger , Philipp Hermann , Hajo Holzmann

We study the recovery of multivariate functions from reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces in the uniform norm. Our main interest is to obtain preasymptotic estimates for the corresponding sampling numbers. We obtain results in terms of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Kateryna Pozharska , Tino Ullrich

The total generalized variation extends the total variation by incorporating higher-order smoothness. Thus, it can also suffer from similar discretization issues related to isotropy. Inspired by the success of novel discretization schemes…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-17 Lea Bogensperger , Antonin Chambolle , Alexander Effland , Thomas Pock

Nearly all practical neural models for classification are trained using cross-entropy loss. Yet this ubiquitous choice is supported by little theoretical or empirical evidence. Recent work (Hui & Belkin, 2020) suggests that training using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Like Hui , Mikhail Belkin , Stephen Wright

Diffusion models achieve remarkable generation quality, yet face a fundamental challenge known as memorization, where generated samples can replicate training samples exactly. We develop a theoretical framework to explain this phenomenon by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xinyu Zhou , Jiawei Zhang , Stephen J. Wright

We apply the nonconforming discretisation of Wu and Xu (2019) to the tri-Helmholtz equation on the plane where the source term is a functional evaluating the test function on a one-dimensional mesh-aligned embedded curve. We present error…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-13 Andreas Bock , Colin Cotter

Density modelling is the task of learning an unknown probability density function from samples, and is one of the central problems of unsupervised machine learning. In this work, we show that there exists a density modelling problem for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Niklas Pirnay , Ryan Sweke , Jens Eisert , Jean-Pierre Seifert

Learning algorithms that learn linear models often have high representation bias on real-world problems. In this paper, we show that this representation bias can be greatly reduced by discretization. Discretization is a common procedure in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-26 Nayyar A. Zaidi , Yang Du , Geoffrey I. Webb

It is a typical standard assumption in the density deconvolution problem that the characteristic function of the measurement error distribution is non-zero on the real line. While this condition is assumed in the majority of existing works…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-08 Alexander Goldenshluger , Taeho Kim

A common approach to statistical learning with big-data is to randomly split it among $m$ machines and learn the parameter of interest by averaging the $m$ individual estimates. In this paper, focusing on empirical risk minimization, or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-14 Jonathan Rosenblatt , Boaz Nadler

SDE-based methods such as denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) have shown remarkable success in real-world sample generation tasks. Prior analyses of DDPMs have been focused on the exponential Euler discretization, showing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Matthew S. Zhang , Stephen Huan , Jerry Huang , Nicholas M. Boffi , Sitan Chen , Sinho Chewi

Semi-supervised learning has emerged as an appealing strategy to train deep models with limited supervision. Most prior literature under this learning paradigm resorts to dual-based architectures, typically composed of a teacher-student…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Martin Van Waerebeke , Gregory Lodygensky , Jose Dolz

In this paper, in a multivariate setting we derive near optimal rates of convergence in the minimax sense for estimating partial derivatives of the mean function for functional data observed under a fixed synchronous design over H\"older…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-25 Max Berger , Hajo Holzmann

We study the compact embedding between smoothness Morrey spaces on bounded domains and characterise its entropy numbers. Here we discover a new phenomenon when the difference of smoothness parameters in the source and target spaces is…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-04-22 Dorothee D. Haroske , Leszek Skrzypczak

We study distribution-free nonparametric regression following a notion of average smoothness initiated by Ashlagi et al. (2021), which measures the "effective" smoothness of a function with respect to an arbitrary unknown underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Steve Hanneke , Aryeh Kontorovich , Guy Kornowski

Deep learning has achieved many breakthroughs in modern classification tasks. Numerous architectures have been proposed for different data structures but when it comes to the loss function, the cross-entropy loss is the predominant choice.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-08 Tianyang Hu , Jun Wang , Wenjia Wang , Zhenguo Li