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A semi-algebraic set is a subset of the real space defined by polynomial equations and inequalities having real coefficients and is a union of finitely many maximally connected components. We consider the problem of deciding whether two…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-11-16 Hoon Hong , James Rohal , Mohab Safey El Din , Eric Schost

The phylogenetic semigroup on a graph generalizes the Jukes-Cantor binary model on a tree. Minimal generating sets of phylogenetic semigroups have been described for trivalent trees by Buczy\'nska and Wi\'sniewski, and for trivalent graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-03 Kaie Kubjas

We introduce the class of network right $*$-abundant semigroups. These are based on networks that extend the notion of a directed graph. This class properly contains the class of graph inverse semigroups. We investigate the structure of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-25 Yanhui Wang , Pei Gao , Xueming Ren

A tensor is a multidimensional array of numbers that can be used to store data, encode a computational relation and represent quantum entanglement. In this sense a tensor can be viewed as valuable resource whose transformation can lead to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 Matthias Christandl

We consider the lattice of all the weak factorization systems on a given finite lattice. We prove that it is semidistributive, trim and congruence uniform. We deduce a graph theoretical approach to the problem of enumerating transfer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Yongle Luo , Baptiste Rognerud

Tensor hierarchy algebras constitute a class of non-contragredient Lie superalgebras, whose finite-dimensional members are the "Cartan-type" Lie superalgebras in Kac's classification. They have applications in mathematical physics,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-03-18 Martin Cederwall , Jakob Palmkvist

We introduce the concept of an extension of a semilattice of groups $A$ by a group $G$ and describe all the extensions of this type which are equivalent to the crossed products $A*_\Theta G$ by twisted partial actions $\Theta$ of $G$ on…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-08 Mikhailo Dokuchaev , Mykola Khrypchenko

In this paper we discuss graph inverse semigroups which are constucted from a directed graphs and study several interesting properties of graph inverse semigroups such as the nature of its idempotents, the structure of semilattice of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-07 P G Romeo , Alanka Thomas

Semi-directed phylogenetic networks have recently emerged as a class of phylogenetic networks sitting between rooted (directed) and unrooted (undirected) phylogenetic networks as they contain both directed as well as undirected edges. While…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-27 Simone Linz , Kristina Wicke

We study properties of semi-elementary imsets and elementary imsets introduced by Studeny (2005). The rules of the semi-graphoid axiom (decomposition, weak union and contraction) for conditional independence statements can be translated…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-08-22 Takuya Kashimura , Tomonari Sei , Akimichi Takemura , Kentaro Tanaka

A band is a semigroup in which each element is idempotent. In recent years, there has been a lot of activity on the representation theory of the subclass of left regular bands due to connections to Markov chains associated to hyperplane…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-15 Benjamin Steinberg

Electronic transport through chaotic quantum dots exhibits universal behaviour which can be understood through the semiclassical approximation. Within the approximation, transport moments reduce to codifying classical correlations between…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-03-25 G. Berkolaiko , J. Kuipers

We provide a visual and intuitive introduction to effectively calculating in 2-groups along with explicit examples coming from non-abelian 1- and 2-form gauge theory. In particular, we utilize string diagrams, tools similar to tensor…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-05-22 Arthur J. Parzygnat

A semi-parametric, non-linear regression model in the presence of latent variables is applied towards learning network graph structure. These latent variables can correspond to unmodeled phenomena or unmeasured agents in a complex system of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-03 Jonathan Mei , José M. F. Moura

We present a conceptually clear and algorithmically useful framework for parameterizing the costs of tensor network contraction. Our framework is completely general, applying to tensor networks with arbitrary bond dimensions, open legs, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Bryan O'Gorman

Semigroup theory is a branch of abstract algebra, and it provides mathematical tools for the theory of computation. Finite semigroups can describe state transition systems and thus they model physically realizable computers. Engineering…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-22 James East , Attila Egri-Nagy , Andrew R. Francis , James D. Mitchell

This paper introduces the Strain Elevation Tension Spring embedding (SETSe) algorithm, a graph embedding method that uses a physics model to create node and edge embeddings in undirected attribute networks. Using a low-dimensional…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Jonathan Bourne

Tensor networks are efficient representations of high-dimensional tensors which have been very successful for physics and mathematics applications. We demonstrate how algorithms for optimizing such networks can be adapted to supervised…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-22 E. Miles Stoudenmire , David J. Schwab

We study the implicit bias of gradient flow (i.e., gradient descent with infinitesimal step size) on linear neural network training. We propose a tensor formulation of neural networks that includes fully-connected, diagonal, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Chulhee Yun , Shankar Krishnan , Hossein Mobahi

Classical shortest-path methods rely on binary tropical semirings $(\min,+)$, whose dyadic structure limits them to pairwise cost interactions. However, many real-world systems, including logistics, supply chains, communication networks,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Chandrasekhar Gokavarapu , D. Madhusudhana Rao