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Gravitational wave searches rely on a combination of methods, including matched filtering, coherent analyses, and more recent machine learning based pipelines. For compact binary coalescences, where signals originate from the relativistic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-11 Lorenzo Mobilia , Tito Dal Canton , Gianluca Maria Guidi

We propose a new model-independent measurement strategy for the propagation speed of gravitational waves (GWs) based on strongly lensed GWs and their electromagnetic (EM) counterparts. This can be done in two ways: by comparing arrival…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-04-05 Xi-Long Fan , Kai Liao , Marek Biesiada , Aleksandra Piorkowska-Kurpas , Zong-Hong Zhu

In this paper we study gravitational lensing of gravitational wave events. The main point of the present work is to introduce a semi-analytic approach so that each ingredient can be varied and tested individually. Our analytic model for the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-19 Giulia Cusin , Ruth Durrer , Irina Dvorkin

Gravitational lensing by gravitational wave is considered. We notice that although final and initial direction of photons coincide, displacement between final and initial trajectories occurs. This displacement is calculated analytically for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-01-31 G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan , O. Yu. Tsupko

Gravitational waves act like lenses for the light propagating through them. This phenomenon is described using the vector formalism employed for ordinary gravitational lenses, which was proved to be applicable also to a non-stationary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Valerio Faraoni

Searches and analyses of strong gravitational lenses are challenging due to the rarity and image complexity of these astronomical objects. Next-generation surveys (both ground- and space-based) will provide more opportunities to derive…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-11-18 Clecio Bom , Jason Poh , Brian Nord , Manuel Blanco-Valentin , Luciana Dias

The gravitational lensing of gravitational waves might cause beat patterns detectable by interferometers. The feature of this kind of signal is the existence of the beat pattern in the early inspiral phase, followed by a seemingly randomly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-10 Shaoqi Hou , Xi-Long Fan , Kai Liao , Zong-Hong Zhu

The next generation of gravitational wave detectors and electromagnetic telescopes are beckoning the onset of the multi-messenger era and the exciting science that lies ahead. Multi-messenger strong gravitational lensing will help probe…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-05 Anupreeta More , Hemantakumar Phurailatpam

Accurate sky localization is essential for gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy, particularly for multimessenger follow-up and host galaxy identification. For strongly lensed GW events, achieving localization at the level of $\sim…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Alvin K. Y. Li , Otto A. Hannuksela

Gravitational-wave (GW) observations by a network of ground-based laser interferometric detectors allow us to probe the nature of GW polarizations. This would be an interesting test of general relativity (GR), since GR predicts only two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-27 Srashti Goyal , K. Haris , Ajit Kumar Mehta , Parameswaran Ajith

The first detection of gravitational waves by LIGO from the merger of two compact objects has sparked new interest in detecting electromagnetic counterparts to these violent events. For mergers involving neutron stars, it is thought that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-06 Neil J. Cornish

If an extended source, such as a galaxy, is gravitationally lensed by a massive object in the foreground, the lensing distorts the observed image. It is straightforward to simulate what the observed image would be for a particular lens and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Brendon J. Brewer , Geraint F. Lewis

In this work, we present our classification algorithm to identify strong gravitational lenses from wide-area surveys using machine learning convolutional neural network; LensExtractor. We train and test the algorithm using a wide variety of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-11 Milad Pourrahmani , Hooshang Nayyeri , Asantha Cooray

Quantifying image distortions caused by strong gravitational lensing and estimating the corresponding matter distribution in lensing galaxies has been primarily performed by maximum likelihood modeling of observations. This is typically a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-20 Yashar D. Hezaveh , Laurence Perreault Levasseur , Philip J. Marshall

We discuss strong gravitational lensing by multiple objects along any line of sight. The probability for strong gravitational lensing by more than one lens is small, but a number of strong lens systems in which more than one separate lens…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Ole Moeller , A. W. Blain

The inner regions of active galaxies host the most extreme and energetic phenomena in the universe including, relativistic jets, supermassive black hole binaries, and recoiling supermassive black holes. However, many of these sources cannot…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-19 Anna Barnacka

For the first detection of a novel astrophysical phenomenon, scientific standards are particularly high. Especially in a multi-messenger context, there are also opportunity costs to follow-up observations on any detection claims. So in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-06 David Keitel

Gravitational waves carry unique information about high-energy astrophysical events such as the inspiral and merger of neutron stars and black holes, core collapse in massive stars, and other sources. Large gravitational wave (GW) detectors…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 Peter S. Shawhan

Third generation gravitational wave (GW) detectors are expected to detect millions of binary black hole (BBH) mergers during their operation period. A small fraction of them ($\sim 1\%$) will be strongly lensed by intervening galaxies and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-17 Souvik Jana , Shasvath J. Kapadia , Tejaswi Venumadhav , Parameswaran Ajith

We consider a machine learning algorithm to detect and identify strong gravitational lenses on sky images. First, we simulate different artificial but very close to reality images of galaxies, stars and strong lenses, using six different…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-06 H. G. Khachatryan