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Finding a Hadamard matrix of a specific order using a quantum computer can lead to a demonstration of practical quantum advantage. Earlier efforts using a quantum annealer were impeded by the limitations of the present quantum resource and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Andriyan Bayu Suksmono

Quantum computing is an important developing technology with the potential to revolutionise the landscape of scientific and business problems that can be practically addressed. The widespread excitement derives from the potential for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-24 R. Cumming , T. Thomas

Maximum cut (Max-Cut) problem is one of the most important combinatorial optimization problems because of its various applications in real life, and recently Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has been widely employed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 Yiren Lu , Guojing Tian , Xiaoming Sun

The ability of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to deliver a quantum advantage on combinatorial optimization problems is still unclear. Recently, a scaling advantage over a classical solver was postulated to exist for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Thorge Müller , Ajainderpal Singh , Frank K. Wilhelm , Tim Bode

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) by Farhi et al. is a quantum computational framework for solving quantum or classical optimization tasks. Here, we explore using QAOA for Binary Linear Least Squares (BLLS); a problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-27 Ajinkya Borle , Vincent E. Elfving , Samuel J. Lomonaco

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is an algorithm originally proposed to find approximate solutions to Combinatorial Optimization problems on quantum computers. However, the algorithm has also attracted interest for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-08 Pablo Díez-Valle , Diego Porras , Juan José García-Ripoll

In this work we develop theoretical techniques for analysing the performance of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) when applied to random boolean constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), and use these techniques to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Sami Boulebnane , Maria Ciudad-Alañón , Lana Mineh , Ashley Montanaro , Niam Vaishnav

Constrained binary optimization aims to find an optimal assignment to minimize or maximize the objective meanwhile satisfying the constraints, which is a representative NP problem in various domains, including transportation, scheduling,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-18 Debin Xiang , Qifan Jiang , Liqiang Lu , Siwei Tan , Jianwei Yin

Quantum computers are expected to offer significant advantages in solving complex optimization problems that are challenging for classical computers. Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems represent an important class…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Teemu Pihkakoski , Aravind Plathanam Babu , Pauli Taipale , Petri Liimatta , Matti Silveri

We introduce a quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) for continuous optimization. The algorithm is based on the dynamics of a quantum system moving in an energy potential which encodes the objective function. By approximating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-04 Guillaume Verdon , Juan Miguel Arrazola , Kamil Brádler , Nathan Killoran

Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has shown promise in solving combinatorial optimization problems by providing quantum speedup on near-term gate-based quantum computing systems. However, QAOA faces challenges for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Seongmin Kim , Vincent R. Pascuzzi , Zhihao Xu , Tengfei Luo , Eungkyu Lee , In-Saeng Suh

The Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) is a prominent variational quantum algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Its effectiveness depends on identifying input parameters that yield high-quality solutions.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Joel Rajakumar , John Golden , Andreas Bärtschi , Stephan Eidenbenz

The parity transformation encodes spin models in the low-energy subspace of a larger Hilbert-space with constraints on a planar lattice. Applying the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), the constraints can either be enforced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-09 Kilian Ender , Anette Messinger , Michael Fellner , Clemens Dlaska , Wolfgang Lechner

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a variational quantum algorithm (VQA) ideal for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors, and is highly successful in solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Francesco Aldo Venturelli , Sreetama Das , Filippo Caruso

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) was originally developed to solve combinatorial optimization problems, but has become a standard for assessing the performance of quantum computers. Fully descriptive benchmarking…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-29 Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

This paper describes an application of the Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) to efficiently find approximate solutions for computational problems contained in the polynomially bounded NP optimisation complexity class (NPO…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Samuel Marsh , Jingbo Wang

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a fundamental challenge in combinatorial optimization, widely applied in logistics and transportation. As the size of TSP instances grows, traditional algorithms often struggle to produce high-quality…

QAOA is a quantum algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. It is capable of searching for the minimizing solution vector $x$ of a QUBO problem $x^TQx$. The number of two-qubit CNOT gates in the QAOA circuit scales linearly…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) constitutes one of the often mentioned candidates expected to yield a quantum boost in the era of near-term quantum computing. In practice, quantum optimization will have to compete with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-15 Charles Moussa , Henri Calandra , Vedran Dunjko

The searching efficiency of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm is dependent on both the classical and quantum sides of the algorithm. Recently a quantum approximate Bayesian optimization algorithm (QABOA) that includes two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Jungin E. Kim , Yan Wang