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Air temperature is an essential factor that directly impacts the weather. Temperature can be counted as an important sign of climatic change, that profoundly impacts our health, development, and urban planning. Therefore, it is vital to…

Applications · Statistics 2021-10-27 Hewei Wang , Muhammad Salman Pathan , Yee Hui Lee , Soumyabrata Dev

Multi-year-to-decadal climate prediction is a key tool in understanding the range of potential regional and global climate futures. Here, we present a framework that combines machine learning and analog forecasting for predictions on these…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-02-26 M. A. Fernandez , Elizabeth A. Barnes

This paper gives an overview on how to develop a dense and deep neural network for making a time series prediction. First, the history and cornerstones in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning will be presented. After a short…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Bojan Lukić

Weather forecasting benefits us in various ways from farmers in cultivation and harvesting their crops to airlines to schedule their flights. Weather forecasting is a challenging task due to the chaotic nature of the atmosphere. Therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Eranga De Saa , Lochandaka Ranathunga

Climate change is accelerating the frequency and severity of unprecedented events, deviating from established patterns. Predicting these out-of-distribution (OOD) events is critical for assessing risks and guiding climate adaptation. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Maria Conchita Agana Navarro , Geng Li , Theo Wolf , María Pérez-Ortiz

Physics-based numerical models have been the bedrock of atmospheric sciences for decades, offering robust solutions but often at the cost of significant computational resources. Deep learning (DL) models have emerged as powerful tools in…

Space weather forecasting is critical for mitigating radiation risks in space exploration and protecting Earth-based technologies from geomagnetic disturbances. This paper presents the development of a Machine Learning (ML)- ready data…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-13 Maher A Dayeh , Michael J Starkey , Subhamoy Chatterjee , Heather Elliott , Samuel Hart , Kimberly Moreland

Weather forecasting is crucial for public safety, disaster prevention and mitigation, agricultural production, and energy management, with global relevance. Although deep learning has significantly advanced weather prediction, current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shixuan Li , Wei Yang , Peiyu Zhang , Xiongye Xiao , Defu Cao , Yuehan Qin , Xiaole Zhang , Yue Zhao , Paul Bogdan

This report first provides a brief overview of a number of supervised learning algorithms for regression tasks. Among those are neural networks, regression trees, and the recently introduced Nexting. Nexting has been presented in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Michael Koller , Johannes Feldmaier , Klaus Diepold

Accurate load forecasting is critical for efficient and reliable operations of the electric power system. A large part of electricity consumption is affected by weather conditions, making weather information an important determinant of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jonathan Yang , Mingjian Tuo , Jin Lu , Xingpeng Li

Ensemble weather predictions require statistical post-processing of systematic errors to obtain reliable and accurate probabilistic forecasts. Traditionally, this is accomplished with distributional regression models in which the parameters…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-01 Stephan Rasp , Sebastian Lerch

Machine learning methods have been shown to be effective for weather forecasting, based on the speed and accuracy compared to traditional numerical models. While early efforts primarily concentrated on deterministic predictions, the field…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Erik Larsson , Joel Oskarsson , Tomas Landelius , Fredrik Lindsten

In situ and remotely sensed observations have potential to facilitate data-driven predictive models for oceanography. A suite of machine learning models, including regression, decision tree and deep learning approaches were developed to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Stefan Wolff , Fearghal O'Donncha , Bei Chen

Gaining a deeper understanding of weather and being able to predict its future conduct have always been considered important endeavors for the growth of our society. This research paper explores the advancements in understanding and…

The parameterization of moist convection contributes to uncertainty in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction. Machine learning (ML) can be used to learn new parameterizations directly from high-resolution model output, but it…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2018-11-30 Paul A. O'Gorman , John G. Dwyer

Temperature and rainfall have a significant impact on economic growth as well as the outbreak of seasonal diseases in a region. In spite of that inadequate studies have been carried out for analyzing the weather pattern of Bangladesh…

Sub-seasonal climate forecasting (SSF) focuses on predicting key climate variables such as temperature and precipitation in the 2-week to 2-month time scales. Skillful SSF would have immense societal value, in areas such as agricultural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Sijie He , Xinyan Li , Timothy DelSole , Pradeep Ravikumar , Arindam Banerjee

The reliable power system operation is a major goal for electric utilities, which requires the accurate reliability forecasting to minimize the duration of power interruptions. Since weather conditions are usually the leading causes for…

Applications · Statistics 2018-10-12 Longfei Wei , Arif I. Sarwat

Determining changes in global temperature and precipitation that may indicate climate change is complicated by annual variations. One approach for finding potential climate change indicators is to train a model that predicts the year from…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-12-09 Charles Anderson , Jason Stock

Rainfall is a climatic factor that affects many human activities like agriculture, construction, and forestry. Rainfall is dependent on various meteorological features and its prediction is a very complex task due to the dynamic climatic…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-10-22 Muhammad Salman Pathan , Jiantao Wu , Yee Hui Lee , Jianzhuo Yan , Soumyabrata Dev