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Forecast combination integrates information from various sources by consolidating multiple forecast results from the target time series. Instead of the need to select a single optimal forecasting model, this paper introduces a deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Yinuo Ren , Feng Li , Yanfei Kang , Jue Wang

Reliable long-lead forecasting of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) remains a long-standing challenge in climate science. The previously developed Multimodal ENSO Forecast (MEF) model uses 80 ensemble predictions by two independent…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Saghar Ganji , Ahmad Reza Labibzadeh , Alireza Hassani , Mohammad Naisipour

The tilt angle of a sunspot group is a critical quantity in the surface transport of magnetic flux and the solar dynamo. To contribute long-term databases of the tilt angle, we developed an IDL routine, which allows the user to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-04 Emre Isik , Seda Isik , Bahar B. Kabasakal

The $F_{10.7cm}$ radio flux and the Sunspot Number are the most widely used long-term indices of solar activity. They are strongly correlated, which led to the publication of many proxy relations allowing to convert one index onto the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-09 Frédéric Clette

Predicting the probability of non-performing loans for individuals has a vital and beneficial role for banks to decrease credit risk and make the right decisions before giving the loan. The trend to make these decisions are based on credit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Rufael Fekadu , Anteneh Getachew , Yishak Tadele , Nuredin Ali , Israel Goytom

The contribution of this work is twofold: (1) We introduce a collection of ensemble methods for time series forecasting to combine predictions from base models. We demonstrate insights on the power of ensemble learning for forecasting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Julia Gastinger , Sébastien Nicolas , Dušica Stepić , Mischa Schmidt , Anett Schülke

We employ the XGBoost machine learning (ML) method for the morphological classification of galaxies into two (early-type, late-type) and five (E, S0--S0a, Sa--Sb, Sbc--Scd, Sd--Irr) classes, using a combination of non-parametric…

The use of different solar activity indices like sunspot numbers, sunspot areas, flare index, magnetic fields, etc., allows us to investigate the time evolution of some specific features of the solar activity and the underlying dynamo…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-11 Stefano Sello

An algebraic method for the reconstruction and potentially prediction of the solar dipole moment value at sunspot minimum (known to be a good predictor of the amplitude of the next solar cycle) was suggested in the first paper in this…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-29 Melinda Nagy , Kristóf Petrovay , Alexandre Lemerle , Paul Charbonneau

Sunspot numbers are important tracers of historical solar activity. They are important in the prediction of oncoming solar maximum, in the design of lifetimes of space assets, and in assessing the extent of solar-radiation impact on the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-26 K. S. Balasubramaniam , T. W. Henry

Smart buildings are gaining popularity because they can enhance energy efficiency, lower costs, improve security, and provide a more comfortable and convenient environment for building occupants. A considerable portion of the global energy…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Mehdi Neshat , Menasha Thilakaratne , Mohammed El-Abd , Seyedali Mirjalili , Amir H. Gandomi , John Boland

Energy forecasting has a vital role to play in smart grid (SG) systems involving various applications such as demand-side management, load shedding, and optimum dispatch. Managing efficient forecasting while ensuring the least possible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Devinder Kaur , Shama Naz Islam , Md. Apel Mahmud , Md. Enamul Haque , ZhaoYang Dong

Solar Proton Events (SPEs) cause significant radiation hazards to satellites, astronauts, and technological systems. Accurate forecasting of their proton flux time profiles is crucial for early warnings and mitigation. This paper explores…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Kangwoo Yi , Bo Shen , Qin Li , Haimin Wang , Yong-Jae Moon , Jaewon Lee , Hwanhee Lee

Relative Sunspot Number is one of the major parameters for the study of long-term solar activity. The automatic calculation of the Relative Sunspot Number is more stable and accurate as compared to manual methods. In this paper, we propose…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-18 Cui Zhao , Shangbin Yang , Tingmei Wang , Haiyan Zhao , Shiyuan Liu , Fangyuan He , Zhengkun Hu

Solar flares, especially C, M, and X class, pose significant risks to satellite operations, communication systems, and power grids. We present a novel approach for predicting extreme solar flares using HMI intensitygrams and magnetograms.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-09 Juyoung Yun , Jungmin Shin

Advancing probabilistic solar forecasting methods is essential to supporting the integration of solar energy into the electricity grid. In this work, we develop a variety of state-of-the-art probabilistic models for forecasting solar…

The Sunspot Number, created by R.Wolf in 1849, provides a direct long-term record of solar activity from 1700 to the present. In spite of its central role in multiple studies of the solar dynamo and of the past Sun-Earth relations, it was…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-06 Frédéric , Clette , Laure Lefèvre

We developed a flare prediction model using machine learning, which is optimized to predict the maximum class of flares occurring in the following 24 h. Machine learning is used to devise algorithms that can learn from and make decisions on…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-01 N. Nishizuka , K. Sugiura , Y. Kubo , M. Den , S. Watari , M. Ishii

This study investigates the performance of machine learning models in forecasting electricity Day-Ahead Market (DAM) prices using short historical training windows, with a focus on detecting seasonal trends and price spikes. We evaluate…

Forecasting future solar activity has become crucial in our modern world, where intense eruptive phenomena mostly occurring during solar maximum are likely to be strongly damaging to satellites and telecommunications. We present a 4D…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-02 L. Jouve , C. P. Hung , A. S. Brun , S. Hazra , A. Fournier , O. Talagrand , B. Perri , A. Strugarek