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A mixed graph is, informally, an object obtained from a simple undirected graph by choosing an orientation for a subset of its edges. A mixed graph is $(m, n)$-coloured if each edge is assigned one of $m \geq 0$ colours, and each arc is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-15 Gary MacGillivray , Shahla Nasserasr , Feiran Yang

An $acyclic$ edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring such that there are no bichromatic cycles. The \emph{acyclic chromatic index} of a graph is the minimum number k such that there is an acyclic edge coloring using k colors and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-08-18 Manu Basavaraju , L. Sunil Chandran

An $acyclic$ edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring such that there are no bichromatic cycle s. The \emph{acyclic chromatic index} of a graph is the minimum number k such that there is an acyclic e dge coloring using k colors…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-01-14 Manu Basavaraju , L. Sunil Chandran

An {\it odd $c$-coloring} of a graph is a proper $c$-coloring such that each non-isolated vertex has a color appearing an odd number of times on its neighborhood. This concept was introduced very recently by Petru\v sevski and \v Skrekovski…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-26 Eun-Kyung Cho , Ilkyoo Choi , Hyemin Kwon , Boram Park

Given a graph $G=(V, E)$ and a list of available colors $L(v)$ for each vertex $v\in V$, where $L(v) \subseteq \{1, 2, \ldots, k\}$, List $k$-Coloring refers to the problem of assigning colors to the vertices of $G$ so that each vertex…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Banu Baklan Şen , Öznur Yaşar Diner , Thomas Erlebach

A $k$-coloring of a graph is an assignment of integers between $1$ and $k$ to vertices in the graph such that the endpoints of each edge receive different numbers. We study a local variation of the coloring problem, which imposes further…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-24 Jie You , Yixin Cao , Jianxin Wang

In this paper, we initiate the study of the vertex coloring problem of a graph in the semi streaming model. In this model, the input graph is defined by a stream of edges, arriving in adversarial order and any algorithm must process the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Suman Kalyan Bera , Prantar Ghosh

A $k$-uniform hypergraph (or $k$-graph) $H = (V, E)$ is $k$-partite if $V$ can be partitioned into $k$ sets $V_1, \ldots, V_k$ such that each edge in $E$ contains precisely one vertex from each $V_i$. In this note, we consider list…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Abhishek Dhawan

Given a graph $F$ and an integer $r \ge 2$, a partition $\widehat{F}$ of the edge set of $F$ into at most $r$ classes, and a graph $G$, define $c_{r, \widehat{F}}(G)$ as the number of $r$-colorings of the edges of $G$ that do not contain a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-30 Fabricio S. Benevides , Carlos Hoppen , Rudini Menezes Sampaio

Given a graph $H$, let $G^j_k(H)$ be the graph whose vertices are the proper $k$-colorings of $H$, with edges joining two colorings if $H$ contains a connected subgraph on at most $j$ vertices that includes all vertices where the colorings…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-21 Daniel C. McDonald

An edge-coloring of a connected graph $G$ is called a {\em monochromatic connection coloring} (MC-coloring for short) if any two vertices of $G$ are connected by a monochromatic path in $G$. For a connected graph $G$, the {\em monochromatic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-15 Yanhong Gao , Ping Li , Xueliang Li

For a fixed number of colors, we show that, in node-weighted split graphs, cographs, and graphs of bounded tree-width, one can determine in polynomial time whether a proper list-coloring of the vertices of a graph such that the total weight…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Cédric Bentz

We study quantum analogs of graph colorings and chromatic number. Initially defined via an interactive protocol, quantum colorings can also be viewed as a natural operator relaxation of graph coloring. Since there is no known algorithm for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-12 Laura Mančinska , David E. Roberson

Vertex coloring and multicoloring of graphs are a well known subject in graph theory, as well as their applications. In vertex multicoloring, each vertex is assigned some subset of a given set of colors. Here we propose a new kind of vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-13 Tanja Vojković , Damir Vukičević , Vinko Zlatić

We prove that any class of graphs with linear neighborhood complexity has bounded improper odd chromatic number. As a result, if $\mathcal{G}$ is the class of all circle graphs, or if $\mathcal{G}$ is any class with bounded twin-width,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-12 James Davies , Meike Hatzel , Kolja Knauer , Rose McCarty , Torsten Ueckerdt

We prove that a random graph $G(n,p)$, with $p$ above the Hamiltonicity threshold, is typically such that for any $r$-colouring of its edges there exists a Hamilton cycle with at least $(2/(r+ 1)-o(1))n$ edges of the same colour. This…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-22 Lior Gishboliner , Michael Krivelevich , Peleg Michaeli

An acyclic edge-coloring of a graph is a proper edge-coloring without bichromatic ($2$-colored) cycles. The acyclic chromatic index of a graph $G$, denoted by $a'(G)$, is the least integer $k$ such that $G$ admits an acyclic edge-coloring…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-12 Ayineedi Venkateswarlu , Santanu Sarkar , A. Sai Mali

We show that for any $2$-local colouring of the edges of the balanced complete bipartite graph $K_{n,n}$, its vertices can be covered with at most~$3$ disjoint monochromatic paths. And, we can cover almost all vertices of any complete or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-13 Richard Lang , Maya Stein

Cartesian products of graphs have been studied extensively since the 1960s. They make it possible to decrease the algorithmic complexity of problems by using the factorization of the product. Hypergraphs were introduced as a generalization…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-09-29 Alain Bretto , Yannick Silvestre , Thierry Vallée

An edge colouring of a graph is said to be an $r$-local colouring if the edges incident to any vertex are coloured with at most $r$ colours. Generalising a result of Bessy and Thomass\'e, we prove that the vertex set of any $2$-locally…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-12 David Conlon , Maya Stein