Related papers: Bayesian Multi-Arm De-Intensification Designs
In the last year more than 70,000 people have been brought to the UK hospitals with serious injuries. Each time a clinician has to urgently take a patient through a screening procedure to make a reliable decision on the trauma treatment.…
We propose an adaptive design for early phase drug combination cancer trials with the goal of estimating the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). A nonparametric Bayesian model, using beta priors truncated to the set of partially ordered dose…
In conventional randomized controlled trials, adjustment for baseline values of covariates known to be at least moderately associated with the outcome increases the power of the trial. Recent work has shown particular benefit for more…
The primary objective of phase I oncology studies is to establish the safety profile of a new treatment and determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). This is motivated by the development of cytotoxic agents based on the underlying…
We propose a restricted win probability estimand for comparing treatments in a randomized trial with a time-to-event outcome. We also propose Bayesian estimators for this summary measure as well as the unrestricted win probability. Bayesian…
The Project Optimus initiative by the FDA's Oncology Center of Excellence is widely viewed as a groundbreaking effort to change the $\textit{status quo}$ of conventional dose-finding strategies in oncology. Unlike in other therapeutic areas…
In the field of non-invasive medical imaging, radiomic features are utilized to measure tumor characteristics. However, these features can be affected by the techniques used to discretize the images, ultimately impacting the accuracy of…
Extranodal extension (ENE) is an emerging prognostic factor in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), although it is currently omitted as a clinical staging criteria. Recent works have advocated for the inclusion…
In sequential experiments, subjects become available for the study over a period of time, and covariates are often measured at the time of arrival. We consider the setting where the sample size is fixed but covariate values are unknown…
During drug development, evidence can emerge to suggest a treatment is more effective in a specific patient subgroup. Whilst early trials may be conducted in biomarker-mixed populations, later trials are more likely to enrol…
Objective: Organ deformation models have the potential to improve delivery and reduce toxicity of radiotherapy, but existing data-driven motion models are based on either patient-specific or population data. We propose to combine population…
Randomized discontinuation design (RDD) is an enrichment strategy commonly used to address limitations of traditional placebo-controlled trials, particularly the ethical concern of prolonged placebo exposure. RDD consists of two phases: an…
Traditionally, the major objective in phase I trials is to identify a working-dose for subsequent studies, whereas the major endpoint in phase II and III trials is treatment efficacy. The dose sought is typically referred to as the maximum…
Meta-training has been empirically demonstrated to be the most effective pre-training method for few-shot learning of medical image classifiers (i.e., classifiers modeled with small training sets). However, the effectiveness of…
Intermittent Androgen Suppression (IAS) is a treatment strategy for delaying or even preventing time to relapse of advanced prostate cancer. IAS consists of alternating cycles of therapy (in the form of androgen suppression) and…
An important task in drug development is to identify patients, which respond better or worse to an experimental treatment. Identifying predictive covariates, which influence the treatment effect and can be used to define subgroups of…
Breakthroughs in cancer biology have defined new research programs emphasizing the development of therapies that target specific pathways in tumor cells. Innovations in clinical trial design have followed with master protocols defined by…
In this paper we consider two-stage adaptive dose-response study designs, where the study design is changed at an interim analysis based on the information collected so far. In a simulation study, two approaches will be compared for these…
Exploratory cancer drug studies test multiple tumor cell lines against multiple candidate drugs. The goal in each paired (cell line, drug) experiment is to map out the dose-response curve of the cell line as the dose level of the drug…
Optimization strategies driven by machine learning, such as Bayesian optimization, are being explored across experimental sciences as an efficient alternative to traditional design of experiment. When combined with automated laboratory…