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In recent years, neural systems have demonstrated highly effective learning ability and superior perception intelligence. However, they have been found to lack effective reasoning and cognitive ability. On the other hand, symbolic systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Dongran Yu , Bo Yang , Dayou Liu , Hui Wang , Shirui Pan

One of the primary challenges faced by deep learning is the degree to which current methods exploit superficial statistics and dataset bias, rather than learning to generalise over the specific representations they have experienced. This is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Damien Teney , Peng Wang , Jiewei Cao , Lingqiao Liu , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Compositional generalization is crucial for artificial intelligence agents to solve complex vision-language reasoning tasks. Neuro-symbolic approaches have demonstrated promise in capturing compositional structures, but they face critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Danial Kamali , Elham J. Barezi , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Image-to-image translation has played an important role in enabling synthetic data for computer vision. However, if the source and target domains have a large semantic mismatch, existing techniques often suffer from source content…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Justin Theiss , Jay Leverett , Daeil Kim , Aayush Prakash

Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) have been widely used for Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test of humans. In this paper, we aim to solve RPM with neural networks in both supervised and unsupervised manners. First, we investigate strategies to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Tao Zhuo , Mohan Kankanhalli

Vector Symbolic Architecture (VSA) is emerging in machine learning due to its efficiency, but they are hindered by issues of hyperdimensionality and accuracy. As a promising mitigation, the Low-Dimensional Computing (LDC) method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shijin Duan , Yejia Liu , Gaowen Liu , Ramana Rao Kompella , Shaolei Ren , Xiaolin Xu

One of the ultimate goals of Artificial Intelligence is to assist humans in complex decision making. A promising direction for achieving this goal is Neuro-Symbolic AI, which aims to combine the interpretability of symbolic techniques with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Daniel Cunnington , Mark Law , Jorge Lobo , Alessandra Russo

Learning the underlying patterns in data goes beyond instance-based generalization to external knowledge represented in structured graphs or networks. Deep learning that primarily constitutes neural computing stream in AI has shown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Ugur Kursuncu , Manas Gaur , Amit Sheth

In symbolic regression, the goal is to find an analytical expression that accurately fits experimental data with the minimal use of mathematical symbols such as operators, variables, and constants. However, the combinatorial space of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Tommaso Bendinelli , Luca Biggio , Pierre-Alexandre Kamienny

The field of neuro-symbolic AI aims to benefit from the combination of neural networks and symbolic systems. A cornerstone of the field is the translation or encoding of symbolic knowledge into neural networks. Although many neuro-symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Simon Odense , Artur d'Avila Garcez

Jackendoff (2002) posed four challenges that linguistic combinatoriality and rules of language present to theories of brain function. The essence of these problems is the question of how to neurally instantiate the rapid construction and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ross W. Gayler

Support vector machine (SVM) based multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) has delivered promising performance in decoding specific task states based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the human brain. Conventionally, the…

Recent advances in Wireless Physical Layer Foundation Models (WPFMs) promise a new paradigm of universal Radio Frequency (RF) representations. However, these models inherit critical limitations found in deep learning such as the lack of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Jaron Fontaine , Mohammad Cheraghinia , John Strassner , Adnan Shahid , Eli De Poorter

Despite the practical success of Artificial Intelligence (AI), current neural AI algorithms face two significant issues. First, the decisions made by neural architectures are often prone to bias and brittleness. Second, when a chain of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Sushmita Paul , Jinqiang Yu , Jip J. Dekker , Alexey Ignatiev , Peter J. Stuckey

Discrete and continuous representations of content (e.g., of language or images) have interesting properties to be explored for the understanding of or reasoning with this content by machines. This position paper puts forward our opinion on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Ruben Cartuyvels , Graham Spinks , Marie-Francine Moens

Navigating unseen, large-scale environments based on complex and abstract human instructions remains a formidable challenge for autonomous mobile robots. Addressing this requires robots to infer implicit semantics and efficiently explore…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yi Du , Taimeng Fu , Zhipeng Zhao , Shaoshu Su , Zitong Zhan , Qiwei Du , Zhuoqun Chen , Bowen Li , Chen Wang

Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC), also known as Vector-Symbolic Architectures (VSA), is a promising framework for the development of cognitive architectures and artificial intelligence systems, as well as for technical applications and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Dmitri A. Rachkovskij

Neuro-symbolic methods integrate neural architectures, knowledge representation and reasoning. However, they have been struggling at both dealing with the intrinsic uncertainty of the observations and scaling to real-world applications.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Giuseppe Marra , Michelangelo Diligenti , Francesco Giannini

Neuro-symbolic AI systems integrate neural perception with symbolic reasoning to enable data-efficient, interpretable, and robust intelligence beyond purely neural models. Although this compositional paradigm has shown superior performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Zishen Wan , Che-Kai Liu , Jiayi Qian , Hanchen Yang , Arijit Raychowdhury , Tushar Krishna

Neural networks have emerged as a powerful tool for modeling physical systems, offering the ability to learn complex representations from limited data while integrating foundational scientific knowledge. In particular, neuro-symbolic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Wenkai Tan , Alvaro Velasquez , Houbing Song
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