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The X-ray spectra of many active galactic nuclei (AGN) show a soft X-ray excess below 1-2 keV on top of the extrapolated high- energy power law. The origin of this component is uncertain. It could be a signature of relativistically blurred,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-03-28 P. O. Petrucci , F. Ursini , A. De Rosa , S. Bianchi , M. Cappi , G. Matt , M. Dadina , J. Malzac

We present an analysis of the optical nuclear spectra from the active galactic nuclei (AGN) in a sample of low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies. Using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we derived the virial black hole (BH)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-12-02 Smitha Subramanian , Ramya. S , Mousumi Das , Koshy George , Sivarani. T , Tushar Prabhu

We report that moderately eccentric flows around supermassive black holes (SMBHs), formed via either circumnuclear gas accretion or tidal disruption events, generate eccentricity cascades (from >0.8 to 0.2 outward), explaining…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-31 Hongping Deng

The equations governing the vertical structure of a stationary keplerian accretion disc are presented. The model is based on the alpha-viscosity, includes self-gravity, convective transport and turbulent pressure. A few properties of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Jean-Marc Hure

Observations have shown that the Eddington ratios (the ratio of the bolometric luminosity to the Eddington luminosity) in QSOs/active galactic nuclei (AGNs) cover a wide range. In this paper we connect the demography of AGNs obtained by the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Qingjuan Yu , Youjun Lu , Guinevere Kauffmann

Some of the accreting black holes exhibit much stronger variability patterns than the usual stochastic variations. Radiation pressure instability is one of the proposed mechanisms which could account for this effect. We aim to model…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-29 Marzena Śniegowska , Mikołaj Grzędzielski , Bożena Czerny , Agnieszka Janiuk

We try to identify the sources and systematics of the uncertainty of the masses of the central black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) which have been obtained by reverberation-mapping methods. We characterize the broad H$\beta$…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-07 Suzy Collin , Toshihiro Kawaguchi , Brad Peterson , Marianne Vestergaard

We constrain the number density and evolution of Compton-thick Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). In the local Universe we use the wide area surveys from the Swift and INTEGRAL satellites, while for high redshifts we explore candidate selections…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 E. Treister , C. Megan Urry , Shanil Virani

Observationally, it is found that there is a strong correlation between the hard X-ray photon index $\Gamma$ and the Compton reflection scaling factor $\Re$ in active galactic nuclei. In this paper, we propose that the $\Gamma-\Re$…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-01-25 Erlin Qiao , B. F. Liu

The X-ray spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) often exhibit an excess of emission above the primary power-law at energies <~ $2$ keV. Two models for the origin of this `soft excess' are ionized relativistic reflection from the inner…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-22 Xin Xiang , D. R. Ballantyne , S. Bianchi , A. De Rosa , G. Matt , R. Middei , P. -O. Petrucci , A. Rozanska , F. Ursini

Images of black holes encode both astrophysical and gravitational properties. Detecting highly-lensed features in images can differentiate between these two effects. We present an accretion disk emission model coupled to the Adaptive…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-24 Tejahni Desire , Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño , Andrew Chael

Spectral features can arise by reflection of coronal X-rays on a black hole accretion disc. The resulting profile bears various imprints of strong gravitational field acting on the light emitting gas. The observed shape of the reflection…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 V. Sochora , V. Karas , J. Svoboda , M. Dovciak

By analogy to the different accretion states observed in black-hole X-ray binaries (BHXBs), it appears plausible that accretion disks in active galactic nuclei (AGN) undergo a state transition between a radiatively efficient and inefficient…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Sebastian Jester

Recent numerical cosmological radiation-magnetohydrodynamic-thermochemical-star formation simulations have resolved the formation of quasar accretion disks with Eddington or super-Eddington accretion rates onto supermassive black holes…

We examine the relationship between galaxies, supermassive black holes and AGN using a sample of 22,000 narrow-emission-line AGN drawn from a a sample of 122,000 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We have studied how AGN host…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Guinevere Kauffmann , Timothy Heckman

Radiation-pressure instability was identified soon after the seminal classical accretion disk models of Shakura-Sunyaev and Novikov-Thorne, yet its full implications remain an active area of investigation. These models form the backbone of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-10 Agnieszka Janiuk , Bozena Czerny , Pulkit Ojha , Yuri Cavecchi , Federico Vincentelli

We discuss a model for the central region of radio-quiet AGN in which coronal accretion is the source of energy for X-ray emission. We start from the Haardt & Maraschi model but supplement it with pressure balance condition, two…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 P. T. Zycki , S. Collin-Souffrin , B. Czerny

Accretion in black hole X-ray binaries is commonly believed to be supplied by the Roche lobe overflow or the stellar wind. The former is thought to form a geometrically thin disc while the diffuse wind could form a geometrically thick hot…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-19 Yilong Wang , B. F. Liu , Mingjun Liu

In this work, which is a continuation of Castell\'o-Mor et al. (2016), we present new X-ray and infrared (IR) data for a sample of active galactic nuclei (AGN) covering a wide range in Eddington ratio over a small luminosity range. In…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-02-01 Núria Castelló-Mor , Shai Kaspi , Hagai Netzer , Pu Du , Chen Hu , Luis C. Ho , Jin-Ming Bai , Wei-Hao Bian , Ye-Fei Yuan , Jian-Min Wang

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) with masses between $100 - 10^5M_{\odot}$ are crucial to our understanding of black hole seed formation and are the prime targets for LISA, yet black holes in this mass range have eluded detection by…