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Radars, due to their robustness to adverse weather conditions and ability to measure object motions, have served in autonomous driving and intelligent agents for years. However, Radar-based perception suffers from its unintuitive sensing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Liu Liu , Shuaifeng Zhi , Zhenhua Du , Li Liu , Xinyu Zhang , Kai Huo , Weidong Jiang

Automotive perception systems are obligated to meet high requirements. While optical sensors such as Camera and Lidar struggle in adverse weather conditions, Radar provides a more robust perception performance, effectively penetrating fog,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Christof Leitgeb , Thomas Puchleitner , Max Peter Ronecker , Daniel Watzenig

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) rely on LiDAR sensors for environmental perception and decision-making in driving scenarios. However, ensuring the safety and reliability of AVs in complex environments remains a pressing challenge. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Shijun Zheng , Weiquan Liu , Yu Guo , Yu Zang , Siqi Shen , Cheng Wang

One of the main components of an autonomous vehicle is the obstacle detection pipeline. Most prototypes, both from research and industry, rely on lidars for this task. Pointcloud information from lidar is usually combined with data from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Simone Mentasti , Matteo Matteucci , Stefano Arrigoni , Federico Cheli

Automotive traffic scenes are complex due to the variety of possible scenarios, objects, and weather conditions that need to be handled. In contrast to more constrained environments, such as automated underground trains, automotive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Felix Nobis , Ehsan Shafiei , Phillip Karle , Johannes Betz , Markus Lienkamp

Reliable perception is essential for autonomous driving systems to operate safely under diverse real-world traffic conditions. However, camera- and LiDAR-based perception systems suffer from performance degradation under adverse weather and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yue Sun , Yeqiang Qian , Zhe Wang , Tianhui Li , Chunxiang Wang , Ming Yang

Predicting the future can significantly improve the safety of intelligent vehicles, which is a key component in autonomous driving. 3D point clouds accurately model 3D information of surrounding environment and are crucial for intelligent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Fan Lu , Guang Chen , Yinlong Liu , Zhijun Li , Sanqing Qu , Tianpei Zou

Camera-radar fusion offers a robust and low-cost alternative to Camera-lidar fusion for the 3D object detection task in real-time under adverse weather and lighting conditions. However, currently, in the literature, it is possible to find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Ruan Bispo , Dane Mitrev , Letizia Mariotti , Clément Botty , Denver Humphrey , Anthony Scanlan , Ciarán Eising

In industrial automation, radar is a critical sensor in machine perception. However, the angular resolution of radar is inherently limited by the Rayleigh criterion, which depends on both the radar's operating wavelength and the effective…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yanlong Yang , Jianan Liu , Guanxiong Luo , Hao Li , Euijoon Ahn , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi , Tao Huang

Various autonomous or assisted driving strategies have been facilitated through the accurate and reliable perception of the environment around a vehicle. Among the commonly used sensors, radar has usually been considered as a robust and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Yizhou Wang , Zhongyu Jiang , Yudong Li , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Guanbin Xing , Hui Liu

Conventional radar segmentation research has typically focused on learning category labels for different moving objects. Although fundamental differences between radar and optical sensors lead to differences in the reliability of predicting…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Simin Zhu , Satish Ravindran , Alexander Yarovoy , Francesco Fioranelli

In this work, we present RadCloud, a novel real time framework for directly obtaining higher-resolution lidar-like 2D point clouds from low-resolution radar frames on resource-constrained platforms commonly used in unmanned aerial and…

Most autonomous vehicles are equipped with LiDAR sensors and stereo cameras. The former is very accurate but generates sparse data, whereas the latter is dense, has rich texture and color information but difficult to extract robust 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Farzin Negahbani , Onur Berk Töre , Fatma Güney , Baris Akgun

Robust 3D object detection in adverse weather is highly challenging due to the varying reliability of different sensors. While existing LiDAR-4D radar fusion methods improve robustness, they predominantly rely on fixed or weakly adaptive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Hongsheng Li , Lingfeng Zhang , Zexian Yang , Liang Li , Rong Yin , Xiaoshuai Hao , Wenbo Ding

LiDAR is an important method for autonomous driving systems to sense the environment. The point clouds obtained by LiDAR typically exhibit sparse and irregular distribution, thus posing great challenges to the detection of 3D objects,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Tai Wang , Xinge Zhu , Dahua Lin

Traffic volume data collection is a crucial aspect of transportation engineering and urban planning, as it provides vital insights into traffic patterns, congestion, and infrastructure efficiency. Traditional manual methods of traffic data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Linlin Zhang , Xiang Yu , Armstrong Aboah , Yaw Adu-Gyamfi

In this work, we study 3D object detection from RGB-D data in both indoor and outdoor scenes. While previous methods focus on images or 3D voxels, often obscuring natural 3D patterns and invariances of 3D data, we directly operate on raw…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Charles R. Qi , Wei Liu , Chenxia Wu , Hao Su , Leonidas J. Guibas

Radars and cameras are mature, cost-effective, and robust sensors and have been widely used in the perception stack of mass-produced autonomous driving systems. Due to their complementary properties, outputs from radar detection (radar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Xu Dong , Binnan Zhuang , Yunxiang Mao , Langechuan Liu

This paper tackles the 3D object detection problem, which is of vital importance for applications such as autonomous driving. Our framework uses a Machine Learning (ML) pipeline on a combination of monocular camera and LiDAR data to detect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Gustavo A. Salazar-Gomez , Miguel A. Saavedra-Ruiz , Victor A. Romero-Cano

Accurate and robust environmental perception is crucial for robot autonomous navigation. While current methods typically adopt optical sensors (e.g., camera, LiDAR) as primary sensing modalities, their susceptibility to visual occlusion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Ruibin Zhang , Fei Gao