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Autonomous ships are essentially designed and equipped to perceive their internal and external environment and subsequently perform appropriate actions depending on the predetermined objective(s) without human intervention. Consequently,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Agnes Ngina Mwange , Dimas Maulana Rachman , Rin Suyama , Atsuo Maki

Cyber has changed the scope of the national security mission and is placing new strains on our diplomatic, warfighting, legal, and economic/budgetary processes. Cybersecurity processes and techniques are increasingly critical to our…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2016-10-26 Craig Jackson , Robert Templeman

Cyber threats against the maritime industry have increased notably in recent years, highlighting the need for innovative cybersecurity approaches. Ships, as critical assets, possess highly specialized and interconnected network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Georgios Michail Makrakis , Jeroen Pijpker , Remco Hassing , Rob Loves , Stephen McCombie

The continuous rise in the adoption of emerging technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) by businesses has brought unprecedented opportunities for innovation and growth. However, due to the distinct characteristics of these emerging…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Oghenetejiri Okporokpo , Funminiyi Olajide , Nemitari Ajienka , Xiaoqi Ma

Cyber-resilience is an increasing concern in developing autonomous navigation solutions for marine vessels. This paper scrutinizes cyber-resilience properties of marine navigation through a prism with three edges: multiple sensor…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-08 Dimitrios Dagdilelis , Mogens Blanke , Rasmus Hjorth Andersen , Roberto Galeazzi

Space systems enable essential communications, navigation, imaging and sensing for a variety of domains, including agriculture, commerce, transportation, and emergency operations by first responders. Protecting the cybersecurity of these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Tim Ellis , Briland Hitaj , Ulf Lindqvist , Deborah Shands , Laura Tinnel , Bruce DeBruhl

Autonomous navigation in maritime domains is accelerating alongside advances in artificial intelligence, sensing, and connectivity. Opaque decision-making and poorly calibrated human-automation interaction remain key barriers to safe…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Zhuoyue Zhang , Haitong Xu

The integration of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) into global maritime operations represents a transformative shift in the shipping industry, promising enhanced safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. However, the widespread…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-03 Hany M. Arnaoot

The focus in this paper is placed on shared responsibility and ethics in health policy, specific to Internet of Things (IoT) devices in healthcare systems. The article assesses how the introduction of IoT brings risks to the security of…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Petar Radanliev , David De Roure

Outsourcing of information and communication technologies (ICT) and related services is an established and growing industry. Recent trends, such as the move toward multi-sourcing have increased the complexity and risk of these outsourcing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2016-06-09 Deborah Bunker , Catherine Hardy , Abdul Babar , Ken Stevens

Port scanning is the process of attempting to connect to various network ports on a computing endpoint to determine which ports are open and which services are running on them. It is a common method used by hackers to identify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Jason M. Pittman

In marine surveillance, applications span military and civilian domains, including ship detection, marine traffic control, and disaster management. Optical and hyperspectral satellites are key for this purpose. This paper focuses on ship…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-16 Alyazia Al Shamsi , Alavikunhu Panthakkan , Saeed Al Mansoori , Hussain Al Ahmad

Satellite constellations equipped with Inter-Satellite Links and onboard packet switching enable real-time Operation and Management across globally distributed satellites, but also broaden the attack surface and introduce unprecedented…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Linan Huang , Peilong Liu , Xi Chen , Zhiyuan Lin , Jian Yan , Linling Kuang

The aviation industry faces significant vulnerabilities from both physical and cybersecurity threats, highlighting the urgent need for enhanced cybersecurity measures amid increasingly sophisticated attacks. This paper systematically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Suphannee Sivakorn , Nuttaya Rujiratanapat , Yotsapat Ruangpaisarn , Chanond Duangpayap , Sakulchai Saramat

Cybersecurity concerns of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and infrastructure are growing each year. In response, organizations worldwide have published IoT security guidelines to protect their citizens and customers by providing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Jesse Chen , Dharun Anandayuvaraj , James C Davis , Sazzadur Rahaman

This paper aims to enhance the security and resilience of Critical Information Infrastructures (CIIs) by providing a dynamic collaborative, warning and response system (CyberSANE system) supporting and guiding security officers and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Spyridon Papastergiou , Haralambos Mouratidis , Eleni-Maria Kalogeraki

As a result of the progressive implantation of the Industry 4.0 paradigm, many industries are experimenting a revolution that shipyards cannot ignore. Therefore, the application of the principles of Industry 4.0 to shipyards are leading to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-08 Paula Fraga-Lamas , Diego Noceda-Davila , Tiago M. Fernández-Caramés , Manuel A. Díaz-Bouza , Miguel Vilar-Montesinos

The development of technology across multiple sectors and the growing importance of cyber warfare make the development of Cyber Situational Awareness (CSA) a fundamental component of any cyber defense strategy. CSA, as a practice, enables…

Though general awareness around it may be low, space cyberattacks are an increasingly urgent problem given the vital role that space systems play in the modern world. Open-source or public discussions about it typically revolve around only…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Patrick Lin , Keith Abney , Bruce DeBruhl , Kira Abercromby , Henry Danielson , Ryan Jenkins

The rapid development of cyber-physical systems creates an increasing demand for a general approach to risk, especially considering how physical and digital components affect the processes of the system itself. In risk analytics and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Gal Engelberg , Mattia Fumagalli , Adrian Kuboszek , Dan Klein , Pnina Soffer , Giancarlo Guizzardi