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The emerging vision-and-language navigation (VLN) problem aims at learning to navigate an agent to the target location in unseen photo-realistic environments according to the given language instruction. The main challenges of VLN arise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Weixia Zhang , Chao Ma , Qi Wu , Xiaokang Yang

Prompt-based fine-tuning has become an essential method for eliciting information encoded in pre-trained language models for a variety of tasks, including text classification. For multi-class classification tasks, prompt-based fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Zhiwen You , Kanyao Han , Haotian Zhu , Bertram Ludäscher , Jana Diesner

Instruction tuning has been central to the success of recent vision-language models (VLMs), but it remains expensive-requiring large-scale datasets, high-quality annotations, and large compute budgets. We propose PRioritized cOncept…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Shivam Chandhok , Qian Yang , Oscar Manas , Kanishk Jain , Leonid Sigal , Aishwarya Agrawal

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, play a foundational role in various cross-modal applications. To fully leverage VLMs' potential in adapting to downstream tasks, context optimization methods like Prompt Tuning are essential.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Enming Zhang , Bingke Zhu , Yingying Chen , Qinghai Miao , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Pre-trained vision-language (V-L) models such as CLIP have shown excellent generalization ability to downstream tasks. However, they are sensitive to the choice of input text prompts and require careful selection of prompt templates to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Muhammad Uzair Khattak , Hanoona Rasheed , Muhammad Maaz , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Prompt engineering has emerged as an indispensable technique for extending the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs). This approach leverages task-specific instructions, known as prompts, to enhance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Pranab Sahoo , Ayush Kumar Singh , Sriparna Saha , Vinija Jain , Samrat Mondal , Aman Chadha

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) is a challenging task that requires a robot to navigate in photo-realistic environments with human natural language promptings. Recent studies aim to handle this task by constructing the semantic spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Jiacui Huang , Hongtao Zhang , Mingbo Zhao , Zhou Wu

Large pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) offer a promising approach to leveraging human language for enhancing downstream tasks. However, VLMs such as CLIP face significant limitation: its performance is highly sensitive to prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Ao Li , Zongfang Liu , Xinhua Li , Jinghui Zhang , Pengwei Wang , Hu Wang

Deep Metric Learning (DML) has long attracted the attention of the machine learning community as a key objective. Existing solutions concentrate on fine-tuning the pre-trained models on conventional image datasets. As a result of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Li Ren , Chen Chen , Liqiang Wang , Kien Hua

Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently emerged as powerful representation learning systems that align visual observations with natural language concepts, offering new opportunities for semantic reasoning in safety-critical autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ross Greer , Maitrayee Keskar , Angel Martinez-Sanchez , Parthib Roy , Shashank Shriram , Mohan Trivedi

In the era of large-scale foundation models, fully fine-tuning pretrained networks for each downstream task is often prohibitively resource-intensive. Prompt tuning offers a lightweight alternative by introducing tunable prompts while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jaekyun Park , Hye Won Chung

Large pretrained vision-language models like CLIP have shown promising generalization capability, but may struggle in specialized domains (e.g., satellite imagery) or fine-grained classification (e.g., car models) where the visual concepts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Chen Huang , Skyler Seto , Samira Abnar , David Grangier , Navdeep Jaitly , Josh Susskind

Vision-and-language navigation (VLN) asks an agent to follow a given language instruction to navigate through a real 3D environment. Despite significant advances, conventional VLN agents are trained typically under disturbance-free…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Bingqian Lin , Yanxin Long , Yi Zhu , Fengda Zhu , Xiaodan Liang , Qixiang Ye , Liang Lin

LVLMs encounter significant challenges in image understanding and visual reasoning, leading to critical perception failures. Visual prompts, which incorporate image manipulation code, have shown promising potential in mitigating these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Jaechang Kim , Yotaro Shimose , Zhao Wang , Kuang-Da Wang , Jungseul Ok , Shingo Takamatsu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread popularity due to their ability to perform ad-hoc Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks with a simple natural language prompt. Part of the appeal for LLMs is their approachability to the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Aditi Mishra , Utkarsh Soni , Anjana Arunkumar , Jinbin Huang , Bum Chul Kwon , Chris Bryan

Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments (VLN-CE) requires agents to execute sequential navigation actions in complex environments guided by natural language instructions. Current approaches often struggle with generalizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Xuan Yao , Junyu Gao , Changsheng Xu

Core to the vision-and-language navigation (VLN) challenge is building robust instruction representations and action decoding schemes, which can generalize well to previously unseen instructions and environments. In this paper, we report…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Xiujun Li , Chunyuan Li , Qiaolin Xia , Yonatan Bisk , Asli Celikyilmaz , Jianfeng Gao , Noah Smith , Yejin Choi

Large pre-trained vision-language models have shown great prominence in transferring pre-acquired knowledge to various domains and downstream tasks with appropriate prompting or tuning. Existing prevalent tuning methods can be generally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Huahui Yi , Ziyuan Qin , Wei Xu , Miaotian Guo , Kun Wang , Shaoting Zhang , Kang Li , Qicheng Lao

Vision-language models such as CLIP learn a generic text-image embedding from large-scale training data. A vision-language model can be adapted to a new classification task through few-shot prompt tuning. We find that such a prompt tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Cheng-En Wu , Yu Tian , Haichao Yu , Heng Wang , Pedro Morgado , Yu Hen Hu , Linjie Yang

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) are highly adaptable to various downstream tasks through few-shot learning, making prompt-based anomaly detection a promising approach. Traditional methods depend on human-crafted prompts that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Pi-Wei Chen , Jerry Chun-Wei Lin , Jia Ji , Feng-Hao Yeh , Zih-Ching Chen , Chao-Chun Chen