Related papers: Sediment load determines the shape of rivers

Stalagmites in karstic caves preserve valuable palaeoclimate records through calcium-rich layered deposits, presenting curvature variations both across and within individual stalagmites. Stalagmites always remain covered by a thin water…

In the laminar mode interactions among molecules generate friction between layers of water that slide with respect to each other. This friction triggers the shear stress, which is traditionally presumed to be linearly proportional to the…

Experiments on streams of water flowing down a rigid substrate have been performed for various plate inclinations and flow rates, and we focused on the regime of stationary meanders. The outcome is that (i) the flow is highly hysteretic :…

When a granular bed is sheared by a fluid that flows above a critical limit, it undergoes a complex motion that varies along time: it can contain fluid- (bedload) and solid-like (creep) regions, being prone to strain hardening and, in case…

Active particles, which interact hydrodynamically, display a remarkable variety of emergent collective phenomena. We use squirmers to model spherical microswimmers and explore the collective behavior of thousands of them under the influence…

River networks exhibit a complex ramified structure that has inspired decades of studies. Yet, an understanding of the propagation of a single stream remains elusive. Here we invoke a criterion for path selection from fracture mechanics and…

Water movement in unsaturated soils gives rise to measurable electrical potential differences that are related to the flow direction and volumetric fluxes, as well as to the soil properties themselves. Laboratory and field data suggest that…

We present an investigation into the response of a viscous fluid flowing over a sloped bed across a spatially finite patch of basal lubrication. We present a simple analytical model that captures the fundamental structure of such…

Turbulent flows over wavy surfaces give rise to the formation of ripples, dunes and other natural bedforms. To predict how much sediment these flows transport, research has focused mainly on basal shear stress, which peaks upstream of the…

Although riparian vegetation is present in or along many water courses of the world, its active role resulting from the interaction with flow and sediment processes has only recently become an active field of research. Especially, the role…

Gravity-driven size segregation is important in mountain streams where a wide range of grain sizes are transported as bedload. More particularly, vertical size segregation is a multi-scale process that originates in interactions at the…

We examine theoretically the effects of random topographical substrates on the motion of two-dimensional droplets via appropriate statistical approaches. Different random substrate families are represented as stationary random functions.…

It is increasingly common for models of shallow-layer overland flows to include equations for the evolution of the underlying bed (morphodynamics) and the motion of an associated sedimentary phase. We investigate the linear stability…

The sedimentation of a spherical particle in an elastoviscoplastic fluid in proximity of a flat wall is investigated by direct numerical simulations. The governing equations under inertialess conditions are solved by the finite element…

We study the rolling and sliding motion of droplets on a corrugated substrate by Molecular Dynamics simulations. Droplets are driven by an external body force (gravity) and we investigate the velocity profile and dissipation mechanisms in…

A function for the bed-load sediment transport rate is derived. This is achieved from the first principle by using the entrainment probabilities of the sediment grains by rolling and lifting, and by introducing two travel lengths,…

River deposits are one of the main lines of evidence that tell us that Mars once had a climate different from today, and so changes in river deposits with time tell us something about how Mars climate changed with time. In this study, we…

We present results from an individual particle based model for the collision, coagulation and fragmentation of heavy drops moving in a turbulent flow. Such a model framework can help to bridge the gap between the full hydrodynamic…

The increasing prevalence of marine pollution during the past few decades motivated recent research to help ease the situation. Typical water quality assessment requires continuous monitoring of water and sediments at remote locations with…

Microplastic (MP) pollution is a well document threat to our aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, however, the mechanisms by which MPs are transported in river flows are still unknown. The transport of MPs and natural sediment in aquatic…