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Large pre-trained language models based on transformer architecture have drastically changed the natural language processing (NLP) landscape. However, deploying those models for on-device applications in constrained devices such as smart…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Francesco Fusco , Damian Pascual , Peter Staar , Diego Antognini

Recently, MLP-like vision models have achieved promising performances on mainstream visual recognition tasks. In contrast with vision transformers and CNNs, the success of MLP-like models shows that simple information fusion operations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ziyu Wang , Wenhao Jiang , Yiming Zhu , Li Yuan , Yibing Song , Wei Liu

While attention-based transformer networks achieve unparalleled success in nearly all language tasks, the large number of tokens (pixels) found in images coupled with the quadratic activation memory usage makes them prohibitive for problems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-20 George Cazenavette , Manuel Ladron De Guevara

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are the go-to model for computer vision. Recently, attention-based networks, such as the Vision Transformer, have also become popular. In this paper we show that while convolutions and attention are both…

LLM architecture research generally aims to maximize model quality subject to fixed compute/latency budgets. However, many applications of interest such as edge and on-device deployment are further constrained by the model's memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Abbas Zeitoun , Lucas Torroba-Hennigen , Yoon Kim

Transformers have gained popularity in time series forecasting for their ability to capture long-sequence interactions. However, their high memory and computing requirements pose a critical bottleneck for long-term forecasting. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Vijay Ekambaram , Arindam Jati , Nam Nguyen , Phanwadee Sinthong , Jayant Kalagnanam

For the past ten years, CNN has reigned supreme in the world of computer vision, but recently, Transformer has been on the rise. However, the quadratic computational cost of self-attention has become a serious problem in practice…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Yuki Tatsunami , Masato Taki

In the past decade, we have witnessed rapid progress in the machine vision backbone. By introducing the inductive bias from the image processing, convolution neural network (CNN) has achieved excellent performance in numerous computer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Tan Yu , Xu Li , Yunfeng Cai , Mingming Sun , Ping Li

Recently, visual Transformer (ViT) and its following works abandon the convolution and exploit the self-attention operation, attaining a comparable or even higher accuracy than CNNs. More recently, MLP-Mixer abandons both the convolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Tan Yu , Xu Li , Yunfeng Cai , Mingming Sun , Ping Li

Transformer-based large language models are in some respects limited by the quadratic time and space computational complexity of attention. We introduce the Toeplitz MLP Mixer (TMM), a transformer-like architecture that swaps attention for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Benjamin L. Badger , Ethan Roland

Transformer models have demonstrated superior performance in natural language processing. The dot product self-attention in Transformer allows us to model interactions between words. However, this modeling comes with significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Zhaozhuo Xu , Minghao Yan , Junyan Zhang , Anshumali Shrivastava

In the last few years, the success of Transformers in computer vision has stimulated the discovery of many alternative models that compete with Transformers, such as the MLP-Mixer. Despite their weak inductive bias, these models have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Toshihiro Ota , Masato Taki

Embedding layers in transformer-based NLP models typically account for the largest share of model parameters, scaling with vocabulary size but not yielding performance gains proportional to scale. We propose an alternative approach in which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Henry Ndubuaku , Mouad Talhi

The recent success of multiple neural architectures like CNNs, Transformers, and MLP-Mixers motivated us to look for similarities and differences between them. We found that these architectures can be interpreted through the lens of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Suman Sapkota , Binod Bhattarai

In this paper, we present a MLP-like architecture for sequential recommendation, namely TriMLP, with a novel Triangular Mixer for cross-token communications. In designing Triangular Mixer, we simplify the cross-token operation in MLP as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Yiheng Jiang , Yuanbo Xu , Yongjian Yang , Funing Yang , Pengyang Wang , Hui Xiong

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with auxiliary tokens has emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing model performance. In this work, we introduce a lightweight method termed latent tokens; these are dummy tokens that may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuchang Sun , Yanxi Chen , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding

Transformers have become one of the most important architectural innovations in deep learning and have enabled many breakthroughs over the past few years. Here we propose a simple network architecture, gMLP, based on MLPs with gating, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Hanxiao Liu , Zihang Dai , David R. So , Quoc V. Le

Real-world time-series datasets are often multivariate with complex dynamics. To capture this complexity, high capacity architectures like recurrent- or attention-based sequential deep learning models have become popular. However, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Si-An Chen , Chun-Liang Li , Nate Yoder , Sercan O. Arik , Tomas Pfister

Since the introduction of the Transformer architecture for large language models, the softmax-based attention layer has faced increasing scrutinity due to its quadratic-time computational complexity. Attempts have been made to replace it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Robert Forchheimer

State-of-the-art ASR systems have achieved promising results by modeling local and global interactions separately. While the former can be computed efficiently, global interactions are usually modeled via attention mechanisms, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Florian Mai , Juan Zuluaga-Gomez , Titouan Parcollet , Petr Motlicek
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