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We propose a new interpretability method for neural networks, which is based on a novel mathematico-philosophical theory of reasons. Our method computes a vector for each neuron, called its reasons vector. We then can compute how strongly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Levin Hornischer , Hannes Leitgeb

It is essential for understanding neural network decisions to interpret the functionality (also known as concepts) of neurons. Existing approaches describe neuron concepts by generating natural language descriptions, thereby advancing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 ZeBin Ji , Yang Hu , Xiuli Bi , Bo Liu , Bin Xiao

In this paper, we propose a novel formulation to extend CNNs to two-dimensional (2D) manifolds using orthogonal basis functions, called Zernike polynomials. In many areas, geometric features play a key role in understanding scientific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Zhiyu Sun , Ethan Rooke , Jerome Charton , Yusen He , Jia Lu , Stephen Baek

Network theory has unveiled the underlying structure of complex systems such as the Internet or the biological networks in the cell. It has identified universal properties of complex networks, and the interplay between their structure and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-09-21 Ginestra Bianconi

We discuss recent progress on topological Helly-type theorems and their variants. We provide an overview of two different proof techniques, one based on the nerve lemma, while the other on non-embeddability.

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Pavel Paták , Zuzana Patáková

We study feedforward neural networks with inputs from a topological vector space (TVS-FNNs). Unlike traditional feedforward neural networks, TVS-FNNs can process a broader range of inputs, including sequences, matrices, functions and more.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Vugar Ismailov

Linear algebra's main concerns are sets of vectors, linear functions, subspaces, linear systems, matrices and concepts about those, such as whether the solution of linear system exists or is unique; a set of vectors is linearly independent…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Iago Leal de Freitas , Júlia Mota , João Paixão , Lucas Rufino

Convergence spaces are a generalization of topological spaces. The category of convergence spaces is well-suited for Algebraic Topology, one of the reasons is the existence of exponential objects provided by continuous convergence. In this…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Rodrigo Santos Monteiro

Tensor networks provide a powerful new framework for classifying and simulating correlated and topological phases of quantum matter. Their central premise is that strongly correlated matter can only be understood by studying the underlying…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-21 Bram Vancraeynest-De Cuiper , Weronika Wiesiolek , Frank Verstraete

Neural models combining representation learning and reasoning in an end-to-end trainable manner are receiving increasing interest. However, their use is severely limited by their computational complexity, which renders them unusable on real…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Pasquale Minervini , Matko Bosnjak , Tim Rocktäschel , Sebastian Riedel

In the intricate architecture of the mammalian central nervous system, neurons form populations. Axonal bundles communicate between these clusters using spike trains. However, these neuron populations' precise encoding and operations have…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-02 Martin N. P. Nilsson

In this paper we describe the fundamental group-scheme of a proper variety fibered over an abelian variety with rationally connected fibers over an algebraically closed field. We use old and recent results for the Nori fundamental…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-04-10 Rodrigo Codorniu Cofré

Understanding how torsion theories are described and constructed is crucial to the study of torsion theory. Mutations of torsion theories have been studied as a method of constructing another torsion theory from a given one. We have already…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Takeshi Yoshizawa

Trans-membrane gradients and fluxes of cations (H+, Na+, K+, etc.) were deemed to be the rationale of electrical activities of aerobic cells/organelles, as per classical perceptions. Murburn concept (an umbrella of theorization based in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-29 Kelath Murali Manoj , Nagamani Sukumar

The two pillars of Algebraic topology - Homology and homotopy theory rely on the availability of basic building blocks called cells. Cells take the form of simplexes, and have properties such as faces, sub-cells, convexity and…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Suddhasattwa Das

Nervous systems are characterized by neurons displaying a diversity of morphological shapes. Traditionally, different shapes have been qualitatively described based on visual inspection and quantitatively described based on morphometric…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-03-29 Lida Kanari , Paweł Dłotko , Martina Scolamiero , Ran Levi , Julian Shillcock , Kathryn Hess , Henry Markram

A network representation is useful for describing the structure of a large variety of complex systems. However, most real and engineered systems have multiple subsystems and layers of connectivity, and the data produced by such systems is…

This paper proposes to study neural networks through neuronal correlation, a statistical measure of correlated neuronal activity on the penultimate layer. We show that neuronal correlation can be efficiently estimated via weight matrix, can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Gaojie Jin , Xinping Yi , Xiaowei Huang

Artificial Neuronal Networks are models widely used for many scientific tasks. One of the well-known field of application is the approximation of high-dimensional problems via Deep Learning. In the present paper we investigate the Deep…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-06 F. Calabrò , S. Cuomo , F. Giampaolo , S. Izzo , C. Nitsch , F. Piccialli , C. Trombetti

A theoretical performance analysis of the graph neural network (GNN) is presented. For classification tasks, the neural network approach has the advantage in terms of flexibility that it can be employed in a data-driven manner, whereas…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Tatsuro Kawamoto , Masashi Tsubaki , Tomoyuki Obuchi