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The problem of training spiking neural networks (SNNs) is a necessary precondition to understanding computations within the brain, a field still in its infancy. Previous work has shown that supervised learning in multi-layer SNNs enables…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Amirhossein Tavanaei , Anthony S. Maida

The backpropagation algorithm has promoted the rapid development of deep learning, but it relies on a large amount of labeled data and still has a large gap with how humans learn. The human brain can quickly learn various conceptual…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yiting Dong , Dongcheng Zhao , Yang Li , Yi Zeng

This study introduces a novel supervised learning approach for spiking neural networks that does not rely on traditional backpropagation. Instead, it employs spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) within a supervised framework for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Wei Xie

Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) is an unsupervised learning mechanism for Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) that has received significant attention from the neuromorphic hardware community. However, scaling such local learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Sen Lu , Abhronil Sengupta

Previous studies have shown that spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) can be used in spiking neural networks (SNN) to extract visual features of low or intermediate complexity in an unsupervised manner. These studies, however, used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Saeed Reza Kheradpisheh , Mohammad Ganjtabesh , Simon J Thorpe , Timothée Masquelier

A semi-supervised learning method for spiking neural networks is proposed. The proposed method consists of supervised learning by backpropagation and subsequent unsupervised learning by spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), which is a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Kotaro Furuya , Jun Ohkubo

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are brain-inspired, event-driven machine learning algorithms that have been widely recognized in producing ultra-high-energy-efficient hardware. Among existing SNNs, unsupervised SNNs based on synaptic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Mingyuan Meng , Xingyu Yang , Lei Bi , Jinman Kim , Shanlin Xiao , Zhiyi Yu

Spike-timing-dependent-plasticity (STDP) is an unsupervised learning algorithm for spiking neural network (SNN), which promises to achieve deeper understanding of human brain and more powerful artificial intelligence. While conventional…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Xueyuan She , Yun Long , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

Memristor-based Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) with temporal spike encoding enable ultra-low-energy computation, making them ideal for battery-powered intelligent devices. This paper presents a circuit-level memristive spiking neural…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Santlal Prajapati , Susmita Sur-Kolay , Soumyadeep Dutta

Spiking Neural Network (SNN), as a brain-inspired approach, is attracting attention due to its potential to produce ultra-high-energy-efficient hardware. Competitive learning based on Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) is a popular…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Mingyuan Meng , Xingyu Yang , Shanlin Xiao , Zhiyi Yu

Spiking neural networks (SNN) are considered as a perspective basis for performing all kinds of learning tasks - unsupervised, supervised and reinforcement learning. Learning in SNN is implemented through synaptic plasticity - the rules…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Mikhail Kiselev

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) represent the latest generation of neural computation, offering a brain-inspired alternative to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Unlike ANNs, which depend on continuous-valued signals, SNNs…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Sales G. Aribe

We present a fully memristive spiking neural network (MSNN) consisting of physically-realizable memristive neurons and memristive synapses to implement an unsupervised Spiking Time Dependent Plasticity (STDP) learning rule. The system is…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Peng Zhou , Dong-Uk Choi , Jason K. Eshraghian , Sung-Mo Kang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) promise energy-efficient computation by mimicking biological neural dynamics, yet existing plasticity rules focus on isolated spike pairs and fail to leverage the synchronous activity patterns that drive…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yuchen Tian , Assel Kembay , Samuel Tensingh , Nhan Duy Truong , Jason K. Eshraghian , Omid Kavehei

Although representation learning methods developed within the framework of traditional neural networks are relatively mature, developing a spiking representation model remains a challenging problem. This paper proposes an event-based method…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Amirhossein Tavanaei , Timothee Masquelier , Anthony Maida

Compared with artificial neural networks (ANNs), spiking neural networks (SNNs) are promising to explore the brain-like behaviors since the spikes could encode more spatio-temporal information. Although pre-training from ANN or direct…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Yujie Wu , Lei Deng , Guoqi Li , Jun Zhu , Luping Shi

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are brain-inspired mathematical models with the ability to process information in the form of spikes. SNNs are expected to provide not only new machine-learning algorithms, but also energy-efficient…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Yusuke Sakemi , Kai Morino , Takashi Morie , Kazuyuki Aihara

Direct training of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) on neuromorphic hardware has the potential to significantly reduce the energy consumption of artificial neural network training. SNNs trained with Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Gaspard Goupy , Pierre Tirilly , Ioan Marius Bilasco

Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) provides a biologically grounded learning rule for spiking neural networks (SNNs), but its reliance on precise spike timing and pairwise updates limits fast learning of weights. We introduce a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Gouri Lakshmi S , Athira Chandrasekharan , Harshit Kumar , Muhammed Sahad E , Bikas C Das , Saptarshi Bej

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are good candidates to produce ultra-energy-efficient hardware. However, the performance of these models is currently behind traditional methods. Introducing multi-layered SNNs is a promising way to reduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Pierre Falez , Pierre Tirilly , Ioan Marius Bilasco , Philippe Devienne , Pierre Boulet
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