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We study the nature of feedback mechanisms in the 11 CLASH brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) that exhibit extended ultraviolet and nebular line emission features. We estimate star formation rates (SFRs), dust masses, and starburst durations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-09-13 Kevin Fogarty , Marc Postman , Rebecca Larson , Megan Donahue , John Moustakas

We investigate the stellar and dynamical mass profiles in the centres of 25 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) at redshifts of 0.05 $\leq z \leq$ 0.30. Our spectroscopy enables us to robustly measure the Gauss-Hermite higher order velocity…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-06-17 S. I. Loubser , A. Babul , H. Hoekstra , Y. M. Bahé , E. O'Sullivan , M. Donahue

In-Context Learning (ICL) empowers Large Language Models (LLMs) for rapid task adaptation without Fine-Tuning (FT), but its reliance on demonstration selection remains a critical challenge. While many-shot ICL shows promising performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jianfei Zhang , Bei Li , Jun Bai , Rumei Li , Yanmeng Wang , Chenghua Lin , Wenge Rong

X-ray observations of galaxy clusters are routinely used to derive radial distributions of ICM thermdynamical properties such as density and temperature. However, observations allow us to access quantities projected on the celestial sphere…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-12 I. Veronesi , I. Bartalucci , E. Rasia , S. Molendi , M. Balboni , S. De Grandi , F. Gastaldello , C. Grillo , S. Ghizzardi , L. Lovisari , G. Riva , M. Rossetti

Phylogenetic inference can potentially result in a more accurate tree using data from multiple loci. However, if the loci are incongruent--due to events such as incomplete lineage sorting or horizontal gene transfer--it can be misleading to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-03-10 Kevin Gori , Tomasz Suchan , Nadir Alvarez , Nick Goldman , Christophe Dessimoz

Nearly all intragroup (IGL) and intracluster light (ICL) comes from stars that are not bound to any single galaxy but were formed in galaxies and later unbound from them. In this review we focus on the physical properties - phase space…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-20 Magda Arnaboldi , Ortwin E. Gerhard

We employ a large sample of 20171 optically-selected groups and clusters at 0.15 < z < 0.4 in the SDSS to investigate how the stacked stellar mass fraction varies across a wide range of total mass, $M_{500}$. Our study improves upon…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 J. M. Budzynski , S. E. Koposov , I. G. McCarthy , V. Belokurov

We present a simulation-based inference framework using a convolutional neural network to infer dynamical masses of galaxy clusters from their observed 3D projected phase-space distribution, which consists of the projected galaxy positions…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-18 Doogesh Kodi Ramanah , Radosław Wojtak , Nikki Arendse

We study the possible rotation of cluster galaxies, developing, testing and applying a novel algorithm which identifies rotation, if such does exist, as well as its rotational centre, its axis orientation, rotational velocity amplitude and,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-16 M. Manolopoulou , M. Plionis

We present a methodology for modeling and removing light from cluster galaxies and intracluster light (ICL) from $James\ Webb\ Space\ Telescope$ ($JWST$) images of gravitational lensing clusters. We apply our method to Webb's First Deep…

Using new and published data, we construct a sample of 160 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) spanning the redshift interval 0.03 < z < 1.63. We use this sample, which covers 70% of the history of the universe, to measure the growth in the…

Morphological classification is a key piece of information to define samples of galaxies aiming to study the large-scale structure of the universe. In essence, the challenge is to build up a robust methodology to perform a reliable…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-05 P. H. Barchi , R. R. de Carvalho , R. R. Rosa , R. Sautter , M. Soares-Santos , B. A. D. Marques , E. Clua , T. S. Gonçalves , C. de Sá-Freitas , T. C. Moura

Cluster of microcalcifications can be an early sign of breast cancer. In this paper we propose a novel approach based on convolutional neural networks for the detection and segmentation of microcalcification clusters. In this work we used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Gabriele Valvano , Gianmarco Santini , Nicola Martini , Andrea Ripoli , Chiara Iacconi , Dante Chiappino , Daniele Della Latta

We propose In-Context Clustering (ICC), a flexible LLM-based procedure for clustering data from diverse distributions. Unlike traditional clustering algorithms constrained by predefined similarity measures, ICC flexibly captures complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Ying Wang , Mengye Ren , Andrew Gordon Wilson

The aim of this paper is to study the efficiency of different approaches to interloper treatment in dynamical modelling of galaxy clusters. Using cosmological N-body simulation of standard LCDM model, we select 10 massive dark matter haloes…

The properties of the brightest galaxies (BCGs) are studied in both compact and loose groups of galaxies in order to better understand the physical mechanisms influencing galaxy evolution in different environments. Samples of BCGs are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Héctor J. Martínez , Valeria Coenda , Hernán Muriel

The immense amount of time series data produced by astronomical surveys has called for the use of machine learning algorithms to discover and classify several million celestial sources. In the case of variable stars, supervised learning…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-12 R. Pantoja , M. Catelan , K. Pichara , P. Protopapas

We investigate a novel Bayesian analysis method, based on the Stochastically Lighting Up Galaxies (slug) code, to derive the masses, ages, and extinctions of star clusters from integrated light photometry. Unlike many analysis methods, slug…

We analyse spatially-resolved deep optical spectroscopy of Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) located in 32 massive clusters with redshifts of 0.05 $\leq z \leq$ 0.30, to investigate their velocity dispersion profiles. We compare these…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-03-14 S. I. Loubser , H. Hoekstra , A. Babul , E. O'Sullivan

Galaxy mergers play an important role in many aspects of galaxy evolution, therefore, more accurate merger identifications are paramount for achieving a complete understanding of galaxy evolution. As we enter the era of very large imaging…

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