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Autonomous vehicles require accurate and robust localization and mapping algorithms to navigate safely and reliably in urban environments. We present a novel sensor fusion-based pipeline for offline mapping and online localization based on…

Robust and accurate, map-based localization is crucial for autonomous mobile systems. In this paper, we exploit range images generated from 3D LiDAR scans to address the problem of localizing mobile robots or autonomous cars in a map of a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Xieyuanli Chen , Ignacio Vizzo , Thomas Läbe , Jens Behley , Cyrill Stachniss

LiDAR sensors are often considered essential for autonomous driving, but high-resolution sensors remain expensive while affordable low-resolution sensors produce sparse point clouds that miss critical details. LiDAR super-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 June Moh Goo , Zichao Zeng , Jan Boehm

Accurate extrinsic sensor calibration is essential for both autonomous vehicles and robots. Traditionally this is an involved process requiring calibration targets, known fiducial markers and is generally performed in a lab. Moreover, even…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Celyn Walters , Oscar Mendez , Simon Hadfield , Richard Bowden

Autonomous offroad driving is essential for applications like emergency rescue, military operations, and agriculture. Despite progress, systems struggle with high-speed vehicles exceeding 10m/s due to the need for accurate long-range (>…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Eric Chen , Cherie Ho , Mukhtar Maulimov , Chen Wang , Sebastian Scherer

Most real-world 3D sensors such as LiDARs perform fixed scans of the entire environment, while being decoupled from the recognition system that processes the sensor data. In this work, we propose a method for 3D object recognition using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Siddharth Ancha , Yaadhav Raaj , Peiyun Hu , Srinivasa G. Narasimhan , David Held

LiDAR is used in autonomous driving to provide 3D spatial information and enable accurate perception in off-road environments, aiding in obstacle detection, mapping, and path planning. Learning-based LiDAR semantic segmentation utilizes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Kasi Viswanath , Peng Jiang , Sujit PB , Srikanth Saripalli

Precise and real-time rail vehicle localization as well as railway environment monitoring is crucial for railroad safety. In this letter, we propose a multi-LiDAR based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system for railway…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Yusheng Wang , Weiwei Song , Yidong Lou , Fei Huang , Zhiyong Tu , Shimin Zhang

Accurate 3D scene motion perception significantly enhances the safety and reliability of an autonomous driving system. Benefiting from its all-weather operational capability and unique perceptual properties, 4D mmWave radar has emerged as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ruiqi Cheng , Huijun Di , Jian Li , Feng Liu , Wei Liang

In this paper, we address extrinsic calibration for camera, lidar, and 4D radar sensors. Accurate extrinsic calibration of radar remains a challenge due to the sparsity of its data. We propose CLRNet, a novel, multi-modal end-to-end deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Marcell Kegl , Andras Palffy , Csaba Benedek , Dariu M. Gavrila

With the rapid advancements of sensor technology and deep learning, autonomous driving systems are providing safe and efficient access to intelligent vehicles as well as intelligent transportation. Among these equipped sensors, the radar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Shanliang Yao , Runwei Guan , Zitian Peng , Chenhang Xu , Yilu Shi , Weiping Ding , Eng Gee Lim , Yong Yue , Hyungjoon Seo , Ka Lok Man , Jieming Ma , Xiaohui Zhu , Yutao Yue

3D scene understanding is a critical yet challenging task in autonomous driving due to the irregularity and sparsity of LiDAR data, as well as the computational demands of processing large-scale point clouds. Recent methods leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Bin Yang , Alexandru Paul Condurache

Deep learning and computer vision techniques have become increasingly important in the development of self-driving cars. These techniques play a crucial role in enabling self-driving cars to perceive and understand their surroundings,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Kanishkha Jaisankar , Pranav M. Pawar , Diana Susane Joseph , Raja Muthalagu , Mithun Mukherjee

Estimating and understanding the surroundings of the vehicle precisely forms the basic and crucial step for the autonomous vehicle. The perception system plays a significant role in providing an accurate interpretation of a vehicle's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Sreenivasa Hikkal Venugopala

This article presents a complete semantic scene understanding workflow using only a single 2D lidar. This fills the gap in 2D lidar semantic segmentation, thereby enabling the rethinking and enhancement of existing 2D lidar-based algorithms…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zhanteng Xie , Yipeng Pan , Yinqiang Zhang , Jia Pan , Philip Dames

Autonomous driving requires a detailed understanding of complex driving scenes. The redundancy and complementarity of the vehicle's sensors provide an accurate and robust comprehension of the environment, thereby increasing the level of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Arthur Ouaknine

Scene understanding is essential for enhancing driver safety, generating human-centric explanations for Automated Vehicle (AV) decisions, and leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) for retrospective driving video analysis. This study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Mohammed Elhenawy , Huthaifa I. Ashqar , Andry Rakotonirainy , Taqwa I. Alhadidi , Ahmed Jaber , Mohammad Abu Tami

We propose an algorithm for automatic, targetless, extrinsic calibration of a LiDAR and camera system using semantic information. We achieve this goal by maximizing mutual information (MI) of semantic information between sensors, leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Peng Jiang , Philip Osteen , Srikanth Saripalli

Multi-agent systems, e.g., automobiles and UAVs (Unmanned Ariel Vehicles), rely on the precision of onboard sensors to accurately perceive their environment, which in turn depends on the precision of onboard sensors and reliable in-field…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Bichi Zhang , Holger Caesar , Raj Thilak Rajan

We demonstrate a multi-lidar calibration framework for large mobile platforms that jointly calibrate the extrinsic parameters of non-overlapping Field-of-View (FoV) lidar sensors, without the need for any external calibration aid. The…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Sandipan Das , Navid Mahabadi , Addi Djikic , Cesar Nassir , Saikat Chatterjee , Maurice Fallon