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Inspired by random walk on graphs, diffusion map (DM) is a class of unsupervised machine learning that offers automatic identification of low-dimensional data structure hidden in a high-dimensional dataset. In recent years, among its many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Apimuk Sornsaeng , Ninnat Dangniam , Pantita Palittapongarnpim , Thiparat Chotibut

Diffusion Map is a spectral dimensionality reduction technique which is able to uncover nonlinear submanifolds in high-dimensional data. And, it is increasingly applied across a wide range of scientific disciplines, such as biology,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Sönke Beier , Paula Pirker-Díaz , Friedrich Pagenkopf , Karoline Wiesner

One of the fundamental problems within the field of machine learning is dimensionality reduction. Dimensionality reduction methods make it possible to combat the so-called curse of dimensionality, visualize high-dimensional data and, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Sergio García-Heredia , Ángela Fernández , Carlos M. Alaíz

The Diffusion Map is a nonlinear dimensionality reduction technique used to analyze high-dimensional data, with recent applications extending to datasets from the social sciences. Previous research has given little attention to how the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-28 Sönke Beier

Under a set of assumptions on a family of submanifolds $\subset {\mathbb R}^D$, we derive a series of geometric properties that remain valid after finite-dimensional and almost isometric Diffusion Maps (DM), including almost uniform…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Wenyu Bo , Marina Meilă

Recently, the theory of diffusion maps was extended to a large class of local kernels with exponential decay which were shown to represent various Riemannian geometries on a data set sampled from a manifold embedded in Euclidean space.…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-09-28 Tyrus Berry , John Harlim

Diffusion maps (DMAP) are often used as a dimensionality-reduction tool, but more precisely they provide a spectral representation of the intrinsic geometry rather than a complete charting method. To illustrate this distinction, we study a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Julio Candanedo , Alejandro Patiño

We introduce a novel diffusion-based spectral algorithm to tackle regression analysis on high-dimensional data, particularly data embedded within lower-dimensional manifolds. Traditional spectral algorithms often fall short in such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-21 Weichun Xia , Jiaxin Jiang , Lei Shi

Diffusion maps are a commonly used kernel-based method for manifold learning, which can reveal intrinsic structures in data and embed them in low dimensions. However, as with most kernel methods, its implementation requires a heavy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Scott Gigante , Jay S. Stanley , Ngan Vu , David van Dijk , Kevin Moon , Guy Wolf , Smita Krishnaswamy

Diffusion maps are an emerging data-driven technique for non-linear dimensionality reduction, which are especially useful for the analysis of coherent structures and nonlinear embeddings of dynamical systems. However, the computational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-27 N. Benjamin Erichson , Lionel Mathelin , Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

When performing classification tasks, raw high dimensional features often contain redundant information, and lead to increased computational complexity and overfitting. In this paper, we assume the data samples lie on a single underlying…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Bowen Jiang , Maohao Shen

We introduce the Linearized Diffusion Map (LDM), a novel linear dimensionality reduction method constructed via a linear approximation of the diffusion-map kernel. LDM integrates the geometric intuition of diffusion-based nonlinear methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Julio Candanedo

We extend the diffusion-map formalism to data sets that are induced by asymmetric kernels. Analytical convergence results of the resulting expansion are proved, and an algorithm is proposed to perform the dimensional reduction. In this work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Alvaro Almeida Gomez , Antonio Silva Neto , Jorge zubelli

Diffusion Maps framework is a kernel based method for manifold learning and data analysis that defines diffusion similarities by imposing a Markovian process on the given dataset. Analysis by this process uncovers the intrinsic geometric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-20 Moshe Salhov , Amit Bermanis , Guy Wolf , Amir Averbuch

Medical image segmentation is a challenging task, made more difficult by many datasets' limited size and annotations. Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPM) have recently shown promise in modelling the distribution of natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Margherita Rosnati , Melanie Roschewitz , Ben Glocker

In this paper, we propose Complex Diffusion Maps (CDM), a novel diffusion mapping framework that aims to reveal the dominant complex harmonics of high-dimensional data. Inspired by the local Gaussian kernel relevant to the heat equation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Tongzhen Dang , Weiyang Ding , Michael K. Ng

We introduce diffusion geometry as a new framework for geometric and topological data analysis. Diffusion geometry uses the Bakry-Emery $\Gamma$-calculus of Markov diffusion operators to define objects from Riemannian geometry on a wide…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-07-03 Iolo Jones

Despite the recent visually-pleasing results achieved, the massive computational cost has been a long-standing flaw for diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs), which, in turn, greatly limits their applications on resource-limited platforms.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Xingyi Yang , Daquan Zhou , Jiashi Feng , Xinchao Wang

We propose a novel diffusion map particle system (DMPS) for generative modeling, based on diffusion maps and Laplacian-adjusted Wasserstein gradient descent (LAWGD). Diffusion maps are used to approximate the generator of the corresponding…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-19 Fengyi Li , Youssef Marzouk

Kernel-based non-linear dimensionality reduction methods, such as Local Linear Embedding (LLE) and Laplacian Eigenmaps, rely heavily upon pairwise distances or similarity scores, with which one can construct and study a weighted graph…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-06 Tingran Gao
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