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We consider a problem of approximating the size of the largest clique in a graph, with a monotone circuit. Concretely, we focus on distinguishing a random Erd\H{o}s-Renyi graph $\mathcal{G}_{n,p}$, with $p=n^{-\frac{2}{\alpha-1}}$ chosen…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Jarosław Błasiok , Linus Meierhöfer

Suppose $0 < p \le \infty$. For a simple graph $G$ with a vertex-degree sequence $d_1, \dots, d_n$ satisfying $(d_1^p + \dots + d_n^p)^{1/p} \le C$, we prove asymptotically sharp upper bounds on the number of $t$-cliques in $G$. This result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Ting-Wei Chao , Zichao Dong , Zijun Shen , Ningyuan Yang

We provide two novel constructions of $r$ edge-disjoint $K_{k+1}$-free graphs on the same vertex set, each of which has the property that every small induced subgraph contains a complete graph on $k$ vertices. The main novelty of our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Yamaan Attwa , Sam Mattheus , Tibor Szabó , Jacques Verstraete

A simple graph on $n$ vertices may contain a lot of maximum cliques. But how many can it potentially contain? We will define prime and composite graphs, and we will show that if $n \ge 15$, then the grpahs with the maximum number of maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-17 Dániel Pfeifer

A spanning subgraph $F$ of a graph $G$ is called a $[1,b]$-odd factor if $b\equiv1$ (mod 2) and $d_F(v)\in\{1,3,\ldots,b\}$ for every $v\in V(G)$. A graph $G$ of order $n\geq k+2$ is $k$-critical with respect to $[1,b]$-odd factor if for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-12 Sizhong Zhou

Wegner conjectured that if $G$ is a planar graph with maximum degree $\Delta\ge 8$, then $\chi(G^2)\le \left\lfloor \frac32\Delta\right\rfloor +1$. This problem has received much attention, but remains open for all $\Delta\ge 8$. Here we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-06 Daniel W. Cranston

Given a simple graph $G$ and an integer $k$, the goal of $k$-Clique problem is to decide if $G$ contains a complete subgraph of size $k$. We say an algorithm approximates $k$-Clique within a factor $g(k)$ if it can find a clique of size at…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Bingkai Lin , Xuandi Ren , Yican Sun , Xiuhan Wang

Erd\H{o}s and Simonovits asked the following question: For an integer $r\geq 2$ and a family of non-bipartite graphs $\mathcal{H}$, determine the infimum of $\alpha$ such that any $\mathcal{H}$-free $n$-vertex graph with minimum degree at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-10 Xiaoli Yuan , Yuejian Peng

Consider algorithms with unbounded computation time that probe the entries of the adjacency matrix of an $n$ vertex graph, and need to output a clique. We show that if the input graph is drawn at random from $G_{n,\frac{1}{2}}$ (and hence…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-20 Uriel Feige , David Gamarnik , Joe Neeman , Miklós Z. Rácz , Prasad Tetali

The size of a largest independent set of vertices in a given graph $G$ is denoted by $\alpha(G)$ and is called its independence number (or stability number). Given a graph $G$ and an integer $K,$ it is NP-complete to decide whether…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-11 Ingo Schiermeyer

A finite simple connected graph $G$ with maximum degree $k$ is $k$-critical if it has chromatic index $\chi'(G)=k+1$ and $\chi'(G-e)=k$ for every edge $e\in E(G)$. Bej and the first author raised the question whether every $k$-critical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-12 Eckhard Steffen , Isaak H. Wolf

Let $G$ be a graph and $\mathcal{F}$ a family of graphs. Define $\alpha_{\mathcal{F}}(G)$ as the maximum order of any induced subgraph of $G$ that belongs to the family $\mathcal{F}$. For the family $\mathcal{F}$ of graphs with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Yair Caro , Randy Davila , Michael A. Henning , Ryan Pepper

The inducibility of a graph $H$ measures the maximum number of induced copies of $H$ a large graph $G$ can have. Generalizing this notion, we study how many induced subgraphs of fixed order $k$ and size $\ell$ a large graph $G$ on $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Noga Alon , Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich , Mykhaylo Tyomkyn

In 1976 Erdos, Kleitman and Rothschild determined the number of graphs without a clique of size $\ell$. In this note we extend their result to the case of forbidden cliques of increasing size. More precisely we prove that for $\ell_n \le…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-01 Frank Mousset , Rajko Nenadov , Angelika Steger

The clique vector $\mathfrak{c}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the sequence $(c_1, c_2, \ldots,c_d)$ in $\mathbb{N}^d$, where $c_i$ is the number of cliques in $G$ with $i$ vertices and $d$ is the largest cardinality of a clique in $G$. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-30 Afshin Goodarzi

The theory of dense graph limits comes with a natural sampling process which yields an inhomogeneous variant G(n,W) of the Erdos-Renyi random graph. Here we study the clique number of these random graphs. We establish the concentration of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-04 Martin Doležal , Jan Hladký , András Máthé

Tur\'{a}n's theorem is a cornerstone of extremal graph theory. It asserts that for any integer $r \geq 2$ every graph on $n$ vertices with more than ${\tfrac{r-2}{2(r-1)}\cdot n^2}$ edges contains a clique of size $r$, i.e., $r$ mutually…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-25 Christian Reiher

How many cliques can a graph on $n$ vertices have with a forbidden substructure? Extremal problems of this sort have been studied for a long time. This paper studies the maximum possible number of cliques in a graph on $n$ vertices with a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-09 Jacob Fox , Fan Wei

We prove that a random Cayley graph on a group of order $N$ has clique number $O(\log N \log \log N)$ with high probability. This bound is best possible up to the constant factor for certain groups, including~$\mathbb{F}_2^n$, and improves…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-31 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Huy Tuan Pham , Liana Yepremyan

Given an integer $\Delta \ge 3$, let ${\cal G}_{\Delta }$ be the set of connected graphs $G\neq K_{\Delta +1}$ with maximum degree $\Delta $ and, for $i=1,\cdots, \Delta $, let $V_i(G)$ be the set of vertices of $G$ of degree $i$. \\ We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Jochen Harant , Ingo Schiermeyer