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The difficulties with which the concept of point-like particles is beset, such as the infinities encountered in the existing theories of elementary particles, suggest a different approach to the study of these particles. Instead of…

General Physics · Physics 2011-07-25 Seyyed Mahmoud Hessaby

This paper explores the generalization of the concept of a "probability current", familiar from wave-function quantum mechanics, to quantum systems with finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. The generalized definition applies both to isolated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-06 Benjamin Schumacher , Michael D. Westmoreland , Alexander New , Haifeng Qiao

We present a variational approach which shows that the wave functions belonging to quantum systems in different potential landscapes, are pairwise linked to each other through a generalized continuity equation. This equation contains a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-05-22 Fotis K. Diakonos , Peter Schmelcher

The present article introduces a generalization of the (multisymplectic) Hamiltonian field theory for a Lagrangian density, allowing the formulation of this kind of field theories for variational problem of more general nature than those…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Guadalupe Quijón , Santiago Capriotti

In this paper, we introduce the Schrodinger equation with a general kinetic energy operator. The conservation law is proved and the probability continuity equation is deducted in a general sense. Examples with a Hermitian kinetic energy…

General Physics · Physics 2016-02-19 Yuchuan Wei

The relativistic quantum equation is proposed for the complex wave function, which has the meaning of a probability amplitude. The Lagrangian formulation of the proposed theory is developed. The problem of spreading of a wave packet in an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-08 Yu. M. Poluektov

The continuity equation relating the change in time of the position probability density to the gradient of the probability current density is generalized to PT-symmetric quantum mechanics. The normalization condition of eigenfunctions is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-28 B. Bagchi , C. Quesne , M. Znojil

A generalized continuity equation extending the ordinary continuity equation has been found using quanternions. It is shown to be compatible with Dirac, Schrodinger, Klein-Gordon and diffusion equations. This generalized equation is Lorentz…

General Physics · Physics 2014-11-20 Arbab I. Arbab , Hisham. M. Widatallah

As a serious attempt for constructing a new foundation for describing micro-entities from a causal standpoint, it was explained before in [1, 2, 3] that by unifying the concepts of information, matter and energy, each micro-entity is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-22 Fatemeh Ahmadi , Afshin Shafiee

In this work, we derive a generalization of the so-called Schr\"odinger-Langevin or Kostin equation for a Brownian particle interacting with a heat bath. This generalization is based on a nonlinear interaction model providing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-20 Pedro Bargueño , Salvador Miret--Artés

In this paper, a modified formulation of generalized probabilistic theories that will always give rise to the structure of Hilbert space of quantum mechanics, in any finite outcome space, is presented and the guidelines to how to extend…

General Physics · Physics 2022-09-19 Raed M. Shaiia

A Lagrangian analysis explains the numerical results of Valentini and Westman (2005) which demonstrate that an initially arbitrary particle density, stirred by the field of de Broglie velocities associated with a Schrodinger wave function,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-04 A F Bennett

One of the main concepts in quantum physics is a density matrix, which is a symmetric positive definite matrix of trace one. Finite probability distributions can be seen as a special case when the density matrix is restricted to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-12 Manfred K Warmuth , Dima Kuzmin

Probabilistic description of results of measurements and its consequences for understanding quantum mechanics are discussed. It is shown that the basic mathematical structure of quantum mechanics like the probability amplitude, Born rule,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Skala , V. Kapsa

The object of the present study is the integrated density of states of a quantum particle in multi-dimensional Euclidean space which is characterized by a Schr{\"o}dinger operator with magnetic field and a random potential which may be…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Thomas Hupfer , Hajo Leschke , Peter Müller , Simone Warzel

A first- and second-order relation between cosmic density and peculiar-velocity fields is presented. The calculation is purely Lagrangian and it is derived using the second-order solutions of the Lagrange-Newton system obtained by Buchert &…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 Mikel Susperregi , Thomas Buchert

We review different definitions of the current density for quantized fermions in the presence of an external electromagnetic field. Several deficiencies in the popular prescription due to Schwinger and the mode sum formula for static…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-21 Jan Schlemmer , Jochen Zahn

The generalized Schrodinger equation deduced in the earlier papers is compared with conventional constructions of quantum field theory. In particular, it yields the usual Schrodinger equation of quantum field theory written without normal…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-18 A. V. Stoyanovsky

It is proposed a Lagrangian for the quasi-rigid extended charged particle, which consists of a bare point particle term plus the standard electromagnetic minimal coupling. The quasi-rigid motion is imposed as a constraint. The extension of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Rodrigo Medina

We adopt a 'thermodynamical' formulation of Mach's principle that the rest mass of a particle in the Universe is a measure of its long-range collective interactions with all other particles inside the horizon. We consider all particles in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-13 Merab Gogberashvili