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Human speakers encode information into raw speech which is then decoded by the listeners. This complex relationship between encoding (production) and decoding (perception) is often modeled separately. Here, we test how encoding and decoding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Gašper Beguš , Alan Zhou

Unsupervised methods for learning distributed representations of words are ubiquitous in today's NLP research, but far less is known about the best ways to learn distributed phrase or sentence representations from unlabelled data. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-02-11 Felix Hill , Kyunghyun Cho , Anna Korhonen

Learning disentangled representations of high-dimensional data is currently an active research area. However, compared to the field of computer vision, less work has been done for speech processing. In this paper, we provide a review of two…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Yuan Gong , Christian Poellabauer

Self-supervised learning (SSL) based speech pre-training has attracted much attention for its capability of extracting rich representations learned from massive unlabeled data. On the other hand, the use of weakly-supervised data is less…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Wangyou Zhang , Yanmin Qian

Quantifying the uncertainty of supervised learning models plays an important role in making more reliable predictions. Epistemic uncertainty, which usually is due to insufficient knowledge about the model, can be reduced by collecting more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Xinlei Zhou , Han Liu , Farhad Pourpanah , Tieyong Zeng , Xizhao Wang

In speech recognition, it is essential to model the phonetic content of the input signal while discarding irrelevant factors such as speaker variations and noise, which is challenging in low-resource settings. Self-supervised pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Sreepratha Ram , Hanan Aldarmaki

While machine learning and artificial intelligence have long been applied in networking research, the bulk of such works has focused on supervised learning. Recently there has been a rising trend of employing unsupervised machine learning…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-09-21 Muhammad Usama , Junaid Qadir , Aunn Raza , Hunain Arif , Kok-Lim Alvin Yau , Yehia Elkhatib , Amir Hussain , Ala Al-Fuqaha

Unsupervised learning methods have recently shown their competitiveness against supervised training. Typically, these methods use a single objective to train the entire network. But one distinct advantage of unsupervised over supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Zefan Li , Chenxi Liu , Alan Yuille , Bingbing Ni , Wenjun Zhang , Wen Gao

We present an approach for unsupervised learning of speech representation disentangling contents and styles. Our model consists of: (1) a local encoder that captures per-frame information; (2) a global encoder that captures per-utterance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Andros Tjandra , Ruoming Pang , Yu Zhang , Shigeki Karita

Textless self-supervised speech models have grown in capabilities in recent years, but the nature of the linguistic information they encode has not yet been thoroughly examined. We evaluate the extent to which these models' learned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Kinan Martin , Jon Gauthier , Canaan Breiss , Roger Levy

Supervised learning for single-channel speech enhancement requires carefully labeled training examples where the noisy mixture is input into the network and the network is trained to produce an output close to the ideal target. To relax the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-19 Yu-Che Wang , Shrikant Venkataramani , Paris Smaragdis

Sustainable artificial intelligence focuses on data, hardware, and algorithms to make machine learning models more environmentally responsible. In particular, machine learning models for speech representations are computationally expensive,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Luis Lugo , Valentin Vielzeuf

Recent work in the field of speech enhancement (SE) has involved the use of self-supervised speech representations (SSSRs) as feature transformations in loss functions. However, in prior work, very little attention has been paid to the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-23 George Close , Thomas Hain , Stefan Goetze

Unsupervised and self-supervised representation learning has become popular in recent years for learning useful features from unlabelled data. Representation learning has been mostly developed in the neural network literature, and other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Pascal Esser , Maximilian Fleissner , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar

Large, pre-trained representation models trained using self-supervised learning have gained popularity in various fields of machine learning because they are able to extract high-quality salient features from input data. As such, they have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Hejung Yang , Hong-Goo Kang

The supervised learning paradigm is limited by the cost - and sometimes the impracticality - of data collection and labeling in multiple domains. Self-supervised learning, a paradigm which exploits the structure of unlabeled data to create…

Deep neural networks often struggle to learn robust representations in the presence of dataset biases, leading to suboptimal generalization on unbiased datasets. This limitation arises because the models heavily depend on peripheral and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Carlo Alberto Barbano , Enzo Tartaglione , Marco Grangetto

Speech encodes a wealth of information related to human behavior and has been used in a variety of automated behavior recognition tasks. However, extracting behavioral information from speech remains challenging including due to inadequate…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-09 Haoqi Li , Brian Baucom , Shrikanth Narayanan , Panayiotis Georgiou

We witnessed a massive growth in the supervised learning paradigm in the past decade. Supervised learning requires a large amount of labeled data to reach state-of-the-art performance. However, labeling the samples requires a lot of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Mrinal Anand , Aditya Garg

In the last few years, neural networks have been intensively used to develop meaningful distributed representations of words and contexts around them. When these representations, also known as "embeddings", are learned from unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Giuseppe Marra , Andrea Zugarini , Stefano Melacci , Marco Maggini