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Einstein field equations under spherically symmetric space-times are considered here in connection to dark energy investigation. A set of solutions are obtained for a kinematical $\Lambda$ model, viz., $\Lambda \sim (\dot a/a)^2$ without…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-05-12 Utpal Mukhopadhyay , P. C. Ray , Saibal Ray , S. B. Datta Choudhury

We analyze the early-time isotropic cosmology in the so-called energy-momentum-squared gravity (EMSG). In this theory, a $T_{\mu\nu}T^{\mu\nu}$ term is added to the Einstein-Hilbert action, which has been shown to replace the initial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-09 Ahmed H. Barbar , Adel M. Awad , Mohammad T. AlFiky

The present research paper is an investigation of dark energy nature of logarithmic $f(R, T)$-gravity cosmology in a flat FLRW space-time universe. We have derived modified Einstein's field equations for the function $f(R, T)=R-16\pi…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-06 Dinesh Chandra Maurya , Jagat Singh , Lalit Kumar Gaur

In order to bypass the big bang singularity, we develop an emergent universe scenario within a covariant extension of General Relativity known as \emph{"Energy-Momentum Squared Gravity"}. The extra terms of the model emerge in the high…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-05 Mohsen Khodadi , Alireza Allahyari , Salvatore Capozziello

To seek for a singularity free model universe from a perfect fluid scalar-metric cosmology, we work in the "\emph{Emergent Cosmology}" (EC) paradigm which is a non-singular alternative for cosmological inflation. By using two methods…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-26 Mohsen Khodadi , Kourosh Nozari

In a thermodynamical model of cosmological FLRW event horizons for the dark energy (DE), we consider a logarithmic corrective term in the entropy to which corresponds a new term in the DE density. This model of $\Lambda (t)$ in an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-15 Cécile Barbachoux , Jérome Gariel , Gérard Le Denmat

A good definition for the energy momentum tensor of gravity (EMTG) in General Relativity (GR) is a hard, if not impossible, task. On the other hand, in its teleparallel version, known as The Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-18 J. B. Formiga

In this letter, we explore the $f(Q,T_{\mu\nu}T^{\mu \nu})$ gravity theory, building upon the foundations laid by the $f(Q)$ and $f(Q,T)$ gravity theories. Here, $Q$ represents non-metricity and $T_{\mu\nu}$ stands for the energy-momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-07 Aaqid Bhat , P. K. Sahoo

In this paper, we explore a collapsing scenario in the background of energy-momentum squared gravity (EMSG). EMSG claims to have terms that originate from the quantum gravity effects mimicking loop quantum gravity. As a result, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-14 Prabir Rudra

In order to explain the Late-times accelerated expansion of the Universe we must appeal to some form of Dark Energy. In the standard model of cosmology, the latter is interpreted as a Cosmological Constant $\Lambda$. However, for a number…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-18 Leonardo Giani

The study of modified gravity models has garnered significant attention because of their potential to provide alternative explanations for cosmological phenomena, such as the accelerated expansion of the universe and the nature of dark…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-27 Davood Momeni , Ratbay Myrzakulov

Physics invites the idea that space contains energy whose gravitational effect approximates that of Einstein's cosmological constant, Lambda; nowadays the concept is termed dark energy or quintessence. Physics also suggests the dark energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 P. J. E. Peebles , Bharat Ratra

Nonlocal gravity (NLG), a classical extension of Einstein's theory of gravitation, has been studied mainly in linearized form. In particular, nonlinearities have thus far prevented the treatment of cosmological models in NLG. In this essay,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-26 Javad Tabatabaei , Abdolali Banihashemi , Shant Baghram , Bahram Mashhoon

Cosmography can be considered as a sort of a model-independent approach to tackle the dark energy/modified gravity problem. In this review, the success and the shortcomings of the $\Lambda$CDM model, based on General Relativity and standard…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-09 Salvatore Capozziello , Rocco D'Agostino , Orlando Luongo

A modified Mimetic gravity (MMG) is proposed as a generalization of general relativity. The model contain a physical metric which is function of an auxiliary (unphysical) metric and a Lyra's metric. We construct different kinds of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-07 Davood Momeni , Aziza Altaibayeva , Ratbay Myrzakulov

In the momentarily comoving frame of a cosmological fluid, the determinant of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) is highly sensitive to its pressure. This component is significant during radiation-dominated epochs and becomes naturally…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-27 Hemza Azri , Kemal Gültekin , Adrian K. E. Tee

In this work, we investigate a cosmological scenario with a time-dependent cosmological constant $\Lambda$(t) within the spatially flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) framework. Here we study a power-law $\Lambda(t)$CDM model…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-28 Archana Dixit , Manish Yadav , Anirudh Pradhan , M. S. Barak

In the present manuscript the basic Einstein--Hilbert cosmological model is extended, by adding a new functional $F(G, T_{\mu\nu}T^{\mu\nu})$ in the fundamental action, encoding specific geometrical effects due to a nontrivial coupling with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-23 Mihai Marciu , Dana Maria Ioan

In this work, we investigate the late-time cosmic dynamics in the framework of non-linear $f(R, L_m)$ gravity, adopting the functional form $f(R,L_m)=\frac{R}{2}+L_m^2$. To explore the dark energy behavior, we assume an oscillatory…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-25 Amit Samaddar , S. Surendra Singh

The exponential $f(R)$ gravity model provides a theoretically well-motivated extension of General Relativity, introducing a modified gravitational dynamics at late times consistent with a dynamical dark energy scenario, while recovering the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-11 Simone D'Onofrio , Sergei Odintsov , Tiziano Schiavone