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A solar active region can significantly disrupt the Sun Earth space environment, often leading to severe space weather events such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections. As a consequence, the automatic classification of active region…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-24 Edoardo Legnaro , Sabrina Guastavino , Michele Piana , Anna Maria Massone

One of the primary science objectives of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) is to determine the structures and dynamics of the plasma and magnetic fields at the sources of the solar wind. However, establishing the connection between {\it in situ}…

The energy available in a solar energy powered grid is uncertain due to the weather conditions at the time of generation. Forecasting global solar irradiance could address this problem by providing the power grid with the capability of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-28 Guillermo Terrén-Serrano , Manel Martínez-Ramón

As we resolve ever smaller structures in the solar atmosphere, it has become clear that magnetism is an important component of those small structures. Small-scale magnetism holds the key to many poorly understood facets of solar magnetism…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-25 A. G. de Wijn , J. O. Stenflo , S. K. Solanki , S. Tsuneta

Ahead-of-time forecasting of incident solar-irradiance on a panel is indicative of expected energy yield and is essential for efficient grid distribution and planning. Traditionally, these forecasts are based on meteorological physics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Talha A. Siddiqui , Samarth Bharadwaj , Shivkumar Kalyanaraman

World is looking for clean and renewable energy sources that do not pollute the environment, in an attempt to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global warming. Wind energy has significant potential to not only reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Alif Bin Abdul Qayyum , Xihaier Luo , Nathan M. Urban , Xiaoning Qian , Byung-Jun Yoon

Sunspots, as seen in white light or continuum images, are associated with regions of high magnetic activity on the Sun, visible on magnetogram images. Their complexity is correlated with explosive solar activity and so classifying these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-16 Kevin R. Moon , Jimmy J. Li , Veronique Delouille , Fraser Watson , Alfred O. Hero

In this paper we describe the semi-spectral linear MHD (SLiM) code which we have written to follow the interaction of linear waves through an inhomogeneous three-dimensional solar atmosphere. The background model allows almost arbitrary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-12 R. Cameron , L. Gizon , K. Daiffallah

Climate change is one of the most critical challenges that our planet is facing today. Rising global temperatures are already bringing noticeable changes to Earth's weather and climate patterns with an increased frequency of unpredictable…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-01-19 Karandeep Singh , Chaeyoon Jeong , Naufal Shidqi , Sungwon Park , Arjun Nellikkattil , Elke Zeller , Meeyoung Cha

Erroneous GNSS positioning, failures in spacecraft operations and power outages due to geomagnetically induced currents are severe threats originating from space weather. Having knowledge of potential impacts on modern society in advance is…

Space Physics · Physics 2021-06-29 Carsten Baumann , Aoife E. McCloskey

To unlock access to stronger winds, the offshore wind industry is advancing towards significantly larger and taller wind turbines. This massive upscaling motivates a departure from wind forecasting methods that traditionally focused on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Feng Ye , Xinxi Zhang , Michael Stein , Ahmed Aziz Ezzat

Moving clouds affect the global solar irradiance that reaches the surface of the Earth. As a consequence, the amount of resources available to meet the energy demand in a smart grid powered using Photovoltaic (PV) systems depends on the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-04 Guillermo Terrén-Serrano , Manel Martínez-Ramón

We explore the nature of the small-scale solar dynamo by tracking magnetic features. We investigate two previously-explored categories of the small-scale solar dynamo: shallow and deep. Recent modeling work on the shallow dynamo has…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Derek A. Lamb , Timothy A. Howard , Craig E. DeForest

Machine learning (ML) is becoming a critical tool for interrogation of large complex data. Labeling, defined as the process of adding meaningful annotations, is a crucial step of supervised ML. However, labeling datasets is time consuming.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-30 Subhamoy Chatterjee , Andrés Muñoz-Jaramillo , Derek A. Lamb

Solar wind forecasting plays a crucial role in space weather prediction, yet significant uncertainties persist due to incomplete magnetic field observations of the Sun. Isolating the solar wind forecasting errors due to these effects is…

With the rising costs of conventional sources of energy, the world is moving towards sustainable energy sources including wind energy. Wind turbines consist of several electrical and mechanical components and experience an enormous amount…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-13 Joyjit Chatterjee , Nina Dethlefs

Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) constitutes a fundamental component of terrestrial ecosystem functionality, playing a pivotal role in nutrient cycling, hydrological balance, and erosion mitigation. Precise mapping of SOC distribution is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Nafiseh Kakhani , Moien Rangzan , Ali Jamali , Sara Attarchi , Seyed Kazem Alavipanah , Michael Mommert , Nikolaos Tziolas , Thomas Scholten

Magnetic switchbacks are large amplitude deflections of the magnetic field within the solar wind. They are Alfv\'enic in character and so are associated with a spike in velocity and a generally small variation in local plasma density. Early…

Context. The Sun's complex corona is the source of the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field. While the large scale morphology is well understood, the impact of variations in coronal properties on the scale of a few degrees on…

Microclimate models are essential for linking climate to ecological processes, yet most physically based frameworks estimate temperature independently for each spatial unit and rely on simplified representations of lateral heat exchange. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Idan Sulami , Alon Itzkovitch , Michael R. Kearney , Moni Shahar , Ofir Levy