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We present a comprehensive study of deep bidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN) based acoustic models for automatic speech recognition (ASR). We study the effect of size and depth and train models of up…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Albert Zeyer , Patrick Doetsch , Paul Voigtlaender , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

While significant improvements have been made in recent years in terms of end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance, such improvements were obtained through the use of very large neural networks, unfit for embedded use on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Alex Bie , Bharat Venkitesh , Joao Monteiro , Md. Akmal Haidar , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh

We present our experiments in training robust to noise an end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) model using intensive data augmentation. We explore the efficacy of fine-tuning a pre-trained model to improve noise robustness, and we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-27 Jagadeesh Balam , Jocelyn Huang , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Slyne Deng , Somshubra Majumdar , Boris Ginsburg

Neural machine translation models have shown to achieve high quality when trained and fed with well structured and punctuated input texts. Unfortunately, the latter condition is not met in spoken language translation, where the input is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Mattia Antonino Di Gangi , Robert Enyedi , Alessandra Brusadin , Marcello Federico

In this paper, a novel architecture for speaker recognition is proposed by cascading speech enhancement and speaker processing. Its aim is to improve speaker recognition performance when speech signals are corrupted by noise. Instead of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Yanpei Shi , Qiang Huang , Thomas Hain

Neural network language model (NNLM) plays an essential role in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, especially in adaptation tasks when text-only data is available. In practice, an NNLM is typically trained on a combination of data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-11 Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Xuedong Zhang

This article surveys convolution-based models including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), Conformers, ResNets, and CRNNs-as speech signal processing models and provide their statistical backgrounds and speech recognition, speaker…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Nirmal Joshua Kapu , Raghav Karan

This paper investigates four types of cross-utterance speech contexts modeling approaches for streaming and non-streaming Conformer-Transformer (C-T) ASR systems: i) input audio feature concatenation; ii) cross-utterance Encoder embedding…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-15 Mingyu Cui , Mengzhe Geng , Jiajun Deng , Chengxi Deng , Jiawen Kang , Shujie Hu , Guinan Li , Tianzi Wang , Zhaoqing Li , Xie Chen , Xunying Liu

Transformers have recently become very popular for sequence-to-sequence applications such as machine translation and speech recognition. In this work, we propose a multi-task learning-based transformer model for low-resource multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Krishna D N

There is a growing interest in the speech community in developing Recurrent Neural Network Transducer (RNN-T) models for automatic speech recognition (ASR) applications. RNN-T is trained with a loss function that does not enforce temporal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Jay Mahadeokar , Yuan Shangguan , Duc Le , Gil Keren , Hang Su , Thong Le , Ching-Feng Yeh , Christian Fuegen , Michael L. Seltzer

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has benefited from advances in pretrained speech and language models, yet most systems remain constrained to monolingual settings and short, isolated utterances. While recent efforts in context-aware ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yuchen Zhang , Haralambos Mouratidis , Ravi Shekhar

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems often make unrecoverable errors due to subsystem pruning (acoustic, language and pronunciation models); for example pruning words due to acoustics using short-term context, prior to rescoring with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar , Haoqi Li , Kevin Knight , Panayiotis Georgiou

This paper presented our work on applying Recurrent Deep Stacking Networks (RDSNs) to Robust Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) tasks. In the paper, we also proposed a more efficient yet comparable substitute to RDSN, Bi- Pass Stacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Peidong Wang , Zhongqiu Wang , Deliang Wang

Environmental noises and reverberation have a detrimental effect on the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. Multi-condition training of neural network-based acoustic models is used to deal with this problem, but it…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-03 Desh Raj , Jesus Villalba , Daniel Povey , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Far-field speech recognition in noisy and reverberant conditions remains a challenging problem despite recent deep learning breakthroughs. This problem is commonly addressed by acquiring a speech signal from multiple microphones and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-17 Zhong Meng , Shinji Watanabe , John R. Hershey , Hakan Erdogan

This paper describes noisy speech recognition for an augmented reality headset that helps verbal communication within real multiparty conversational environments. A major approach that has actively been studied in simulated environments is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-18 Yicheng Du , Aditya Arie Nugraha , Kouhei Sekiguchi , Yoshiaki Bando , Mathieu Fontaine , Kazuyoshi Yoshii

Transformer-based models have recently made significant achievements in the application of end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR). It is possible to deploy the E2E ASR system on smart devices with the help of Transformer-based…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Haoyu Tang , Zhaoyi Liu , Chang Zeng , Xinfeng Li

Finding synthetic artifacts of spoofing data will help the anti-spoofing countermeasures (CMs) system discriminate between spoofed and real speech. The Conformer combines the best of convolutional neural network and the Transformer,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yikang Wang , Hiromitsu Nishizaki , Ming Li

End-to-end training of automated speech recognition (ASR) systems requires massive data and compute resources. We explore transfer learning based on model adaptation as an approach for training ASR models under constrained GPU memory,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-02 Julius Kunze , Louis Kirsch , Ilia Kurenkov , Andreas Krug , Jens Johannsmeier , Sebastian Stober

Speaker-attributed automatic speech recognition (SA-ASR) is a task to recognize "who spoke what" from multi-talker recordings. An SA-ASR system usually consists of multiple modules such as speech separation, speaker diarization and ASR. On…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-21 Naoyuki Kanda , Xiong Xiao , Jian Wu , Tianyan Zhou , Yashesh Gaur , Xiaofei Wang , Zhong Meng , Zhuo Chen , Takuya Yoshioka