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Traffic optimization on roads is a highly complex problem, with one important aspect being minimization of traffic congestion. By mapping to an Ising formulation of the traffic congestion problem, we benchmark solutions obtained from the…

We develop a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm for function optimization that is particularly useful in the training of neural networks since it makes use of particular aspects of high-dimensional energy landscapes. Due to a recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-20 Leonard Wossnig , Sebastian Tschiatschek , Stefan Zohren

Hybrid quantum-classical optimization techniques, which incorporate the pre-optimization of Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) using Tensor Networks (TNs), have been shown to allow for the reduction of quantum computational resources. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Andrés N. Cáliz , Jordi Riu , Josep Bosch , Pau Torrente , Jose Miralles , Arnau Riera

Encoding hard-constrained optimization problems into a variational quantum algorithm often turns out to be a challenging task. In this work, we provide a solution for the class of open-shop scheduling problems (OSSPs), which we achieve by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Lennart Binkowski , Gereon Koßmann , Christian Tutschku , René Schwonnek

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm, also known in its generalization as the quantum alternating operator ansatz, (QAOA) is a heuristic hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for finding high-quality approximate solutions to…

The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a widely studied quantum-classical iterative heuristic for combinatorial optimisation. While QAOA targets problems in complexity class NP, the classical optimisation procedure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Tom Krüger , Wolfgang Mauerer

Optimization is often cited as a promising application of quantum computers. However, the low degree of provable quantum speedups has led prior rigorous end-to-end resource analyses to conclude that a quantum computer is unlikely to surpass…

Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms hold great promise for solving quantum control problems on near-term quantum computers. In this work, we employ the hybrid framework that integrates digital quantum simulation with classical optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Tangyou Huang , Jing-Jun Zhu , Zhong-Yi Ni

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has proved to be an effective classical-quantum algorithm serving multiple purposes, from solving combinatorial optimization problems to finding the ground state of many-body quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-08 P. Chandarana , N. N. Hegade , K. Paul , F. Albarrán-Arriagada , E. Solano , A. del Campo , Xi Chen

The ability of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to deliver a quantum advantage on combinatorial optimization problems is still unclear. Recently, a scaling advantage over a classical solver was postulated to exist for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Thorge Müller , Ajainderpal Singh , Frank K. Wilhelm , Tim Bode

We propose and analyze a set of variational quantum algorithms for solving quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problems where a problem consisting of $n_c$ classical variables can be implemented on $\mathcal O(\log n_c)$ number of…

Variational quantum algorithms have become a standard approach for solving a wide range of problems on near-term quantum computers. Identifying an appropriate ansatz configuration for variational algorithms, however, remains a challenging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Georgii Paradezhenko , Daniil Rabinovich , Ernesto Campos , Kirill Lakhmanskiy

There is an increasing interest in quantum algorithms for problems of integer programming and combinatorial optimization. Classical solvers for such problems employ relaxations, which replace binary variables with continuous ones, for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Daniel J. Egger , Jakub Marecek , Stefan Woerner

Quantum computing is a promising technology to address combinatorial optimization problems, for example via the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). Its potential, however, hinges on scaling toy problems to sizes relevant for…

A hybrid quantum-classical algorithm is a computational scheme in which quantum circuits are used to extract information that is then processed by a classical routine to guide subsequent quantum operations. These algorithms are especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Alon Levi , Ziv Ossi , Eliahu Cohen , Amit Te'eni

Quantum computing holds promise for outperforming classical computing in specialized applications such as optimization. With current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, only variational quantum algorithms like the Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Daniel Müssig , Markus Wappler , Steve Lenk , Jörg Lässig

Local tensor methods are a class of optimization algorithms that was introduced in [Hastings,arXiv:1905.07047v2][1] as a classical analogue of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). These algorithms treat the cost function…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 Aniruddha Bapat , Stephen P. Jordan

We investigate a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving the Maximum Independent Set (MIS) problem on regular graphs, combining the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) with a minimal degree classical greedy algorithm.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Elisabeth Wybo , Jami Rönkkö , Olli Hirviniemi , Jernej Rudi Finžgar , Martin Leib

We investigate a classical formulation of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), realized as a Hamiltonian dynamical system of classical kicked tops, which we call the Variational Iterative Rotation Algorithm (VIRAL). The…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-04-03 Flaviano Morone , Andrew D. Kent , Dries Sels

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) requires considered optimization problems to be translated into a compatible format. A popular transformation step in this pipeline involves the quadratization of higher-order binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Damian Rovara , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille