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Monte-Carlo simulations are routinely used for estimating the scaling exponents of complex systems. However, due to finite-size effects, determining the exponent values is often difficult and not reliable. Here we present a novel technique…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-03-05 Indrek Mandre , Jaan Kalda

The "sign problem" (SP) is the fundamental limitation to simulations of strongly correlated materials in condensed matter physics, solving quantum chromodynamics at finite baryon density, and computational studies of nuclear matter. As a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-03-09 Rubem Mondaini , Sabyasachi Tarat , Richard T. Scalettar

We show that the core reasons that complex and hypercomplex valued neural networks offer improvements over their real-valued counterparts is the weight sharing mechanism and treating multidimensional data as a single entity. Their algebra…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Chase J Gaudet , Anthony S Maida

Simulating models for quantum correlated matter unveils the inherent limitations of deterministic classical computations. In particular, in the case of quantum Monte Carlo methods, this is manifested by the emergence of negative weight…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-11-23 Tian-Cheng Yi , Richard T. Scalettar , Rubem Mondaini

Deep learning is increasingly used for complex, large-scale systems where first-principles modeling is difficult. However, standard deep learning models often fail to enforce physical structure or preserve convexity in downstream control,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-25 Teruki Kato , Ryotaro Shima , Kenji Kashima

Monte Carlo event generators are an essential tool for data analysis in collider physics. To include subleading quantum corrections, these generators often need to produce negative weight events, which leads to statistical dilution of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-21 Benjamin Nachman , Jesse Thaler

We consider the numerical analysis of the inchworm Monte Carlo method, which is proposed recently to tackle the numerical sign problem for open quantum systems. We focus on the growth of the numerical error with respect to the simulation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Zhenning Cai , Jianfeng Lu , Siyao Yang

Biasing or importance sampling is a powerful technique in Monte Carlo radiative transfer, and can be applied in different forms to increase the accuracy and efficiency of simulations. One of the drawbacks of the use of biasing is the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-11 Maarten Baes , Karl D. Gordon , Tuomas Lunttila , Simone Bianchi , Peter Camps , Mika Juvela , Rolf Kuiper

We study sign structures of the ground states of spin-$1/2$ magnetic systems using the methods of Boolean Fourier analysis. Previously it was shown that the sign structures of frustrated systems are of complex nature: specifically, neural…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-08-14 Ilya Schurov , Anna Kravchenko , Mikhail I. Katsnelson , Andrey A. Bagrov , Tom Westerhout

The infamous sign problem leads to an exponential complexity in Monte Carlo simulations of generic many-body quantum systems. Nevertheless, many phases of matter are known to admit a sign-problem-free representative, allowing efficient…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-10-14 Omri Golan , Adam Smith , Zohar Ringel

We present a real-time quantum Monte Carlo algorithm that simulates the dynamics of open quantum systems by stochastically compressing and evolving the density matrix under both Markovian and non-Markovian master equations. Our algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Tong Shen , Daniel A. Lidar

Strongly correlated fermionic systems are of great interest in condensed matter physics and numerical methods are indispensable tools for their study. However, existing approaches such as exact diagonalization (ED) and stochastic quantum…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-19 Finn L. Temmen , Martina Gisti , David J. Luitz , Thomas Luu , Johann Ostmeyer

The great majority of algorithms employed in the study of lattice field theory are based on Monte Carlo's importance sampling method, i.e. on probability interpretation of the Boltzmann weight. Unfortunately in many theories of interest one…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2016-06-03 Lorenzo Bongiovanni

Reliable simulations of correlated quantum systems, including high-temperature superconductors and frustrated magnets, are increasingly desired nowadays to further understanding of essential features in such systems. Quantum Monte Carlo…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-03-28 Zi-Xiang Li , Hong Yao

We present a guiding principle for designing fermionic Hamiltonians and quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods that are free from the infamous sign problem by exploiting the Lie groups and Lie algebras that appear naturally in the Monte Carlo…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-12-23 Lei Wang , Ye-Hua Liu , Mauro Iazzi , Matthias Troyer , Gergely Harcos

In this paper we compare numerical results for the ground state of the Hubbard model obtained by Quantum-Monte-Carlo simulations with results from exact and stochastic diagonalizations. We find good agreement for the ground state energy and…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-25 Thomas Husslein , Werner Fettes , Ingo Morgenstern

Sampling problems are promising candidates for demonstrating quantum advantage, and one approach known as quantum-enhanced Markov chain Monte Carlo [Layden, D. et al., Nature 619, 282-287 (2023)] uses quantum samples as a proposal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Yuya Kawamata , Yuichiro Nakano , Keisuke Fujii

Learning expressive probabilistic models correctly describing the data is a ubiquitous problem in machine learning. A popular approach for solving it is mapping the observations into a representation space with a simple joint distribution,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-28 Luigi Gresele , Giancarlo Fissore , Adrián Javaloy , Bernhard Schölkopf , Aapo Hyvärinen

Domain knowledge is useful to improve the generalization performance of learning machines. Sign constraints are a handy representation to combine domain knowledge with learning machine. In this paper, we consider constraining the signs of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Kenya Tajima , Takahiko Henmi , Kohei Tsuchida , Esmeraldo Ronnie R. Zara , Tsuyoshi Kato

We train a pair of autoregressive models to construct zero-mean control variates to mitigate the sign problem in quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The two autoregressive networks are confined to the positive- and negative-sign sectors with…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-27 Bei Qiao , Lei Wang