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The rise of large model-based AI agents has spurred interest in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) for their capabilities in decision-making, collaboration, and adaptability. While the Model Context Protocol (MCP) addresses tool invocation and data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Yuhan Zhu , Haojie Liu , Jian Wang , Bing Li , Zikang Yin , Yefei Liao

Agents in an open system communicate using interaction protocols. Suppose that we have a system of agents and that we want to add a new protocol that all (or some) agents should be able to understand. Clearly, modifying the source code for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2014-03-04 Lavindra de Silva , Michael Winikoff , Wei Liu

The embedding of self-organizing inter-agent processes in distributed software applications enables the decentralized coordination system elements, solely based on concerted, localized interactions. The separation and encapsulation of the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2010-06-09 Jan Sudeikat , Wolfgang Renz

Collaborative decision making in multi-agent systems typically requires a predefined communication protocol among agents. Usually, agent-level observations are locally processed and information is exchanged using the predefined protocol,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Homagni Saha , Vijay Venkataraman , Alberto Speranzon , Soumik Sarkar

In Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) there are two main models of interaction: among agents, and between agents and the environment. Although there are studies considering these models, there is no practical tool to afford the interaction with…

Multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a prominent paradigm for leveraging large language models (LLMs) to tackle complex tasks. However, the mechanisms governing the effectiveness of MAS built upon publicly available LLMs, specifically…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuxuan Zhao , Sijia Chen , Ningxin Su

The AI agent ecosystem has converged on two protocols: the Model Context Protocol (MCP) for tool invocation and Agent-to-Agent (A2A) for single-principal task delegation. Both assume a single controlling principal, meaning one person or…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kaiyang Qian , Xinmin Fang , Zhengxiong Li

in this paper we describe a method which allows agents to dynamically select protocols and roles when they need to execute collaborative tasks

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jose Ghislain Quenum Samir Aknine

We revisit the formalism of modular interpreted systems (MIS) which encourages modular and open modeling of synchronous multi-agent systems. The original formulation of MIS did not live entirely up to its promise. In this paper, we propose…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2013-07-18 Wojciech Jamroga , Artur Mȩski , Maciej Szreter

In an emergency situation, the actors need an assistance allowing them to react swiftly and efficiently. In this prospect, we present in this paper a decision support system that aims to prepare actors in a crisis situation thanks to a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Fahem Kebair , Frédéric Serin

Future intelligent system will involve very various types of artificial agents, such as mobile robots, smart home infrastructure or personal devices, which share data and collaborate with each other to execute certain tasks.Designing an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Chao Wang , Stephan Hasler , Manuel Muehlig , Frank Joublin , Antonello Ceravola , Joerg Deigmoeller , Lydia Fischer

We address the optimal design of a large scale multi-agent system where each agent has discrete and/or continuous decision variables that need to be set so as to optimize the sum of linear local cost functions, in presence of linear local…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-06-28 Alessandro Falsone , Kostas Margellos , Maria Prandini

With recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), Agentic AI has become phenomenal in real-world applications, moving toward multiple LLM-based agents to perceive, learn, reason, and act collaboratively. These LLM-based Multi-Agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Khanh-Tung Tran , Dung Dao , Minh-Duong Nguyen , Quoc-Viet Pham , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) built using AI agents fulfill a variety of user intents that may be used to design and build a family of related applications. However, the creation of such MAS currently involves manual composition of the plan,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Kishan Athrey , Ramin Pishehvar , Brian Riordan , Mahesh Viswanathan

Large language model powered autonomous agents demand robust, standardized protocols to integrate tools, share contextual data, and coordinate tasks across heterogeneous systems. Ad-hoc integrations are difficult to scale, secure, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Abul Ehtesham , Aditi Singh , Gaurav Kumar Gupta , Saket Kumar

Large Language Model based multi-agent systems (MAS) excel at collaborative problem solving but remain brittle to cascading errors: a single faulty step can propagate across agents and disrupt the trajectory. In this paper, we present MASC,…

Designing effective embodied multi-agent systems is critical for solving complex real-world tasks across domains. Due to the complexity of multi-agent embodied systems, existing methods fail to automatically generate safe and efficient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Yiran Qin , Li Kang , Xiufeng Song , Zhenfei Yin , Xiaohong Liu , Xihui Liu , Ruimao Zhang , Lei Bai

This paper presents a novel perspective on human-computer interaction (HCI), framing it as a dynamic interplay between human and computational agents within a networked system. Going beyond traditional interface-based approaches, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Uwe M. Borghoff , Paolo Bottoni , Remo Pareschi

Agentic AI seeks to endow systems with sustained autonomy, reasoning, and interaction capabilities. To realize this vision, its assumptions about agency must be complemented by explicit models of cognition, cooperation, and governance. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Virginia Dignum , Frank Dignum

Our contribution concerns interactive decision support systems for group decision support. Through this study, we apply to implement a decisional process aiming to represent the multiplicity of actors, their diversity, their behaviors and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Safia Sadji