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Earth observation satellites like Sentinel-1 (S1) and Sentinel-2 (S2) provide complementary remote sensing (RS) data, but S2 images are often unavailable due to cloud cover or data gaps. To address this, we propose a diffusion model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Kaan Aydin , Joelle Hanna , Damian Borth

Change detection of high-resolution remote sensing images is an important task in earth observation and was extensively investigated. Recently, deep learning has shown to be very successful in plenty of remote sensing tasks. The current…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-25 Shuting Sun , Lin Mu , Lizhe Wang , Peng Liu

Near real time change detection is important for a variety of Earth monitoring applications and remains a high priority for remote sensing science. Data sparsity, subtle changes, seasonal trends, and the presence of outliers make detecting…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-30 Laura J. Wendelberger , Josh M. Gray , Brian J. Reich , Alyson G. Wilson

In this paper we consider physics-informed detection of terrain material change in radar imagery (e.g., shifts in permittivity, roughness or moisture). We propose a lightweight electromagnetic (EM) forward model to simulate bi-temporal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-18 Abdel Hakiem Mohamed Abbas Mohamed Ahmed , Beth Jelfs , Airlie Chapman , Eric Schoof , Christopher Gilliam

Advances in machine learning have boosted the use of Earth observation data for climate change research. Yet, the interpretability of machine-learned representations remains a challenge, particularly in understanding forests' biophysical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Yihang She , Clement Atzberger , Andrew Blake , Srinivasan Keshav

Change detection (CD) is an important application of remote sensing, which provides timely change information about large-scale Earth surface. With the emergence of hyperspectral imagery, CD technology has been greatly promoted, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Qi Wang , Zhenghang Yuan , Qian Du , Xuelong Li

Remote sensing change captioning (RSICC) aims to describe changes between bitemporal images in natural language. Existing methods often fail under challenges like illumination differences, viewpoint changes, blur effects, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ali Can Karaca , M. Enes Ozelbas , Saadettin Berber , Orkhan Karimli , Turabi Yildirim , M. Fatih Amasyali

Natural disasters cause devastating damage to communities and infrastructure every year. Effective disaster response is hampered by the difficulty of accessing affected areas during and after events. Remote sensing has allowed us to monitor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Shreelekha Revankar , Utkarsh Mall , Cheng Perng Phoo , Kavita Bala , Bharath Hariharan

Sequential monitoring of images has broad applications across various domains, including climate science, ecosystem monitoring, medical diagnostics, and so forth. In many such applications, images acquired over time exhibit gradual changes,…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-18 Subhasish Basak , Anik Roy , Partha Sarathi Mukherjee

Falls are a major cause of injuries and deaths among older adults worldwide. Accurate fall detection can help reduce potential injuries and additional health complications. Different types of video modalities can be used in a home setting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Stefan Denkovski , Shehroz S. Khan , Alex Mihailidis

Quantifying forest aboveground biomass (AGB) is crucial for informing decisions and policies that will protect the planet. Machine learning (ML) and remote sensing (RS) techniques have been used to do this task more effectively, yet there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Autumn Nguyen , Sulagna Saha

This paper investigates tree species classification using Sentinel-2 multispectral satellite image time-series. Despite their critical importance for many applications, such maps are often unavailable, outdated, or inaccurate for large…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Florian Mouret , David Morin , Milena Planells , Cécile Vincent-Barbaroux

The Amazon rain forest is a vital ecosystem that plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate and providing habitat for countless species. Deforestation in the Amazon is a major concern as it has a significant impact on global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Nathalie Neptune , Josiane Mothe

Global biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate, yet little information is known about most species and how their populations are changing. Indeed, some 90% of Earth's species are estimated to be completely unknown. Machine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yuyan Chen , Nico Lang , B. Christian Schmidt , Aditya Jain , Yves Basset , Sara Beery , Maxim Larrivée , David Rolnick

The natural world is long-tailed: rare classes are observed orders of magnitudes less frequently than common ones, leading to highly-imbalanced data where rare classes can have only handfuls of examples. Learning from few examples is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Edoardo Lanzini , Sara Beery

The analysis of time-sequence satellite images is a powerful tool in remote sensing; it is used to explore the statics and dynamics of the surface of the earth. Usually, the quality of multitemporal images is influenced by metrological…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-01 Hessah Albanwan

The focus of this paper is using a convolutional machine learning model with a modified U-Net structure for creating land cover classification mapping based on satellite imagery. The aim of the research is to train and test convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Priit Ulmas , Innar Liiv

Adverse weather conditions such as haze, rain, and snow often impair the quality of captured images, causing detection networks trained on normal images to generalize poorly in these scenarios. In this paper, we raise an intriguing question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Yongzhen Wang , Xuefeng Yan , Kaiwen Zhang , Lina Gong , Haoran Xie , Fu Lee Wang , Mingqiang Wei

Remote sensing change detection (RSCD) aims to localise changes between two images of the same geographic region. In practice, change masks often follow region-level annotation conventions rather than purely local appearance differences,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Blaž Rolih , Matic Fučka , Filip Wolf , Luka Čehovin Zajc

Remote sensing anomaly detector can find the objects deviating from the background as potential targets for Earth monitoring. Given the diversity in earth anomaly types, designing a transferring model with cross-modality detection ability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Jingtao Li , Xinyu Wang , Hengwei Zhao , Liangpei Zhang , Yanfei Zhong