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Explainable AI has emerged to be a key component for black-box machine learning approaches in domains with a high demand for reliability or transparency. Examples are medical assistant systems, and applications concerned with the General…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Johannes Rabold , Gesina Schwalbe , Ute Schmid

Entity linking (EL), the task of disambiguating mentions in text by linking them to entities in a knowledge graph, is crucial for text understanding, question answering or conversational systems. Entity linking on short text (e.g., single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Hang Jiang , Sairam Gurajada , Qiuhao Lu , Sumit Neelam , Lucian Popa , Prithviraj Sen , Yunyao Li , Alexander Gray

Text embeddings have become an essential part of a variety of language applications. However, methods for interpreting, exploring and reversing embedding spaces are limited, reducing transparency and precluding potentially valuable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Brian Ondov , Chia-Hsuan Chang , Yujia Zhou , Mauro Giuffrè , Hua Xu

Deep neural networks trained using a softmax layer at the top and the cross-entropy loss are ubiquitous tools for image classification. Yet, this does not naturally enforce intra-class similarity nor inter-class margin of the learned deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-06 José Lezama , Qiang Qiu , Pablo Musé , Guillermo Sapiro

Description Logics (DLs) are a family of knowledge representation formalisms mainly characterised by constructors to build complex concepts and roles from atomic ones. Expressive role constructors are important in many applications, but can…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ian Horrocks , Ulrike Sattler , Stephan Tobies

We present an unsupervised approach for discovering semantic representations of mathematical equations. Equations are challenging to analyze because each is unique, or nearly unique. Our method, which we call equation embeddings, finds good…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-28 Kriste Krstovski , David M. Blei

We propose a novel framework named ViOCE that integrates ontology-based background knowledge in the form of $n$-ball concept embeddings into a neural network based vision architecture. The approach consists of two components - converting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Mirantha Jayathilaka , Tingting Mu , Uli Sattler

Modeling and visualizing relationships between tasks or datasets is an important step towards solving various meta-tasks such as dataset discovery, multi-tasking, and transfer learning. However, many relationships, such as containment and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Rangel Daroya , Aaron Sun , Subhransu Maji

Though language model text embeddings have revolutionized NLP research, their ability to capture high-level semantic information, such as relations between entities in text, is limited. In this paper, we propose a novel contrastive learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Christos Theodoropoulos , James Henderson , Andrei C. Coman , Marie-Francine Moens

Taxonomy completion, enriching existing taxonomies by inserting new concepts as parents or attaching them as children, has gained significant interest. Previous approaches embed concepts as vectors in Euclidean space, which makes it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Wei Xue , Yongliang Shen , Wenqi Ren , Jietian Guo , Shiliang Pu , Weiming Lu

The aim of this paper is to show how we can handle the Recognising Textual Entailment (RTE) task by using Description Logics (DLs). To do this, we propose a representation of natural language semantics in DLs inspired by existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-10-17 Paul Bedaride

We introduce $\mathcal{DLR}^+$, an extension of the n-ary propositionally closed description logic $\mathcal{DLR}$ to deal with attribute-labelled tuples (generalising the positional notation), projections of relations, and global and local…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-27 Alessandro Artale , Enrico Franconi , Rafael Peñaloza , Francesco Sportelli

In this paper we show that subsumption problems in lightweight description logics (such as $\mathcal{EL}$ and $\mathcal{EL}^+$) can be expressed as uniform word problems in classes of semilattices with monotone operators. We use…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-11-14 Viorica Sofronie-Stokkermans

Embedding methods transform the knowledge graph into a continuous, low-dimensional space, facilitating inference and completion tasks. Existing methods are mainly divided into two types: translational distance models and semantic matching…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Deepak Banerjee , Anjali Ishaan

Traditional neural embeddings represent concepts as points, excelling at similarity but struggling with higher-level reasoning and asymmetric relationships. We introduce a novel paradigm: embedding concepts as linear subspaces. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Gabriel Moreira , Zita Marinho , Manuel Marques , João Paulo Costeira , Chenyan Xiong

Taxonomies form the backbone of structured knowledge representation across diverse domains, enabling applications such as e-commerce catalogs, semantic search, and biomedical discovery. Yet, manual taxonomy expansion is labor-intensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Sahil Mishra , Srinitish Srinivasan , Srikanta Bedathur , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Knowledge embeddings (KE) represent a knowledge graph (KG) by embedding entities and relations into continuous vector spaces. Existing methods are mainly structure-based or description-based. Structure-based methods learn representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Xintao Wang , Qianyu He , Jiaqing Liang , Yanghua Xiao

Hyperbox-based classification has been seen as a promising technique in which decisions on the data are represented as a series of orthogonal, multidimensional boxes (i.e., hyperboxes) that are often interpretable and human-readable.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Denis Mayr Lima Martins , Christian Lülf , Fabian Gieseke

Knowledge graph embeddings (KGE) have been extensively studied to embed large-scale relational data for many real-world applications. Existing methods have long ignored the fact many KGs contain two fundamentally different views: high-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Zijie Huang , Daheng Wang , Binxuan Huang , Chenwei Zhang , Jingbo Shang , Yan Liang , Zhengyang Wang , Xian Li , Christos Faloutsos , Yizhou Sun , Wei Wang

Bounded fitting is an attractive paradigm for learning logical formulas from labeled data examples that offers PAC-style generalization guarantees and can often be implemented leveraging SAT solvers. It has been successfully applied to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Maurice Funk , Jean Christoph Jung , Tom Voellmer