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In low-bitrate speech coding, end-to-end speech coding networks aim to learn compact yet expressive features and a powerful decoder in a single network. A challenging problem as such results in unwelcome complexity increase and inferior…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-16 Haici Yang , Inseon Jang , Minje Kim

Venn Prediction (VP) is a new machine learning framework for producing well-calibrated probabilistic predictions. In particular it provides well-calibrated lower and upper bounds for the conditional probability of an example belonging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Harris Papadopoulos

Vector quantization (VQ) is a key technique in high-resolution and high-fidelity image synthesis, which aims to learn a codebook to encode an image with a sequence of discrete codes and then generate an image in an auto-regression manner.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Guotao Liang , Baoquan Zhang , Yaowei Wang , Xutao Li , Yunming Ye , Huaibin Wang , Chuyao Luo , Kola Ye , linfeng Luo

As part of the recent research effort on quantum natural language processing (QNLP), variational quantum sentence classifiers (VQSCs) have been implemented and supported in lambeq / DisCoPy, based on the DisCoCat model of sentence meaning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Daniel T. Chang

Prompt learning's fine-tune performance on text classification tasks has attracted the NLP community. This paper applies it to resume information extraction, improving existing methods for this task. We created manual templates and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Chengguang Gan , Tatsunori Mori

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant deployment challenges due to their substantial memory requirements and the computational demands of auto-regressive text generation process. This paper addresses these challenges by focusing on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Yuxuan Yue , Zhihang Yuan , Haojie Duanmu , Sifan Zhou , Jianlong Wu , Liqiang Nie

This study compares the performances of different algorithms for coding speech at low bit rates. In addition to widely deployed traditional vocoders, a selection of recently developed generative-model-based coders at different bit rates are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-27 Wissam A. Jassim , Jan Skoglund , Michael Chinen , Andrew Hines

Vector Quantization (VQ) is essential for discretizing continuous representations in unsupervised learning but suffers from representation collapse, causing low codebook utilization and limiting scalability. Existing solutions often rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Yongxin Zhu , Bocheng Li , Yifei Xin , Zhihua Xia , Linli Xu

While Prover-Verifier Games (PVGs) offer a promising path toward verifiability in nonlinear classification models, they have not yet been applied to complex inputs such as high-dimensional images. Conversely, expressive concept encodings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Berkant Turan , Suhrab Asadulla , David Steinmann , Kristian Kersting , Wolfgang Stammer , Sebastian Pokutta

This paper proposes a new sampling-based nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) algorithm, with a bound on complexity quadratic in the prediction horizon N and linear in the number of samples. The idea of the proposed algorithm is to use…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-01-13 R. V. Bobiti , M. Lazar

A Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) defines a family of artificial neural networks often used in TS modeling and forecasting. Because of its "black box" aspect, many researchers refuse to use it. Moreover, the optimization (often based on the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-07-09 Cyril Voyant , Wani W. Tamas , Marie Laure Nivet , Gilles Notton , Christophe Paoli , Aurélia Balu , Marc Muselli

We introduce a novel sequential modeling approach which enables learning a Large Vision Model (LVM) without making use of any linguistic data. To do this, we define a common format, "visual sentences", in which we can represent raw images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Yutong Bai , Xinyang Geng , Karttikeya Mangalam , Amir Bar , Alan Yuille , Trevor Darrell , Jitendra Malik , Alexei A Efros

Vector Quantization (VQ) has become the cornerstone of tokenization for many multimodal Large Language Models and diffusion synthesis. However, existing VQ paradigms suffer from a fundamental conflict: they enforce discretization before the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Wenhao Zhao , Qiran Zou , Zhouhan Lin , Dianbo Liu

Vector perturbation (VP) precoding is an effective nonlinear precoding technique in the downlink (DL) with modulo channels, providing an approximation of dirty paper coding (DPC) which is capacity-achieving. Especially, when combined with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Dominik Semmler , Wolfgang Utschick , Michael Joham

Most multimodal large language models (MLLMs) treat visual tokens as "a sequence of text", integrating them with text tokens into a large language model (LLM). However, a great quantity of visual tokens significantly increases the demand…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Dongchen Lu , Yuyao Sun , Zilu Zhang , Leping Huang , Jianliang Zeng , Mao Shu , Huo Cao

State-of-the-art language models (LMs) represented by long-short term memory recurrent neural networks (LSTM-RNNs) and Transformers are becoming increasingly complex and expensive for practical applications. Low-bit neural network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Junhao Xu , Jianwei Yu , Shoukang Hu , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

Unlike other data modalities such as text and vision, speech does not lend itself to easy interpretation. While lay people can understand how to describe an image or sentence via perception, non-expert descriptions of speech often end at…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Robin Netzorg , Bohan Yu , Andrea Guzman , Peter Wu , Luna McNulty , Gopala Anumanchipalli

In this paper, we apply a latent class model (LCM) to the task of speaker diarization. LCM is similar to Patrick Kenny's variational Bayes (VB) method in that it uses soft information and avoids premature hard decisions in its iterations.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-26 Liang He , Xianhong Chen , Can Xu , Yi Liu , Jia Liu , Michael T Johnson

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success but face significant computational and memory challenges, particularly due to their extensive output vocabularies. The final linear projection layer, mapping hidden states to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Jintian Shao , Hongyi Huang , Jiayi Wu , YiMing Cheng , ZhiYu Wu , You Shan , MingKai Zheng

Since the data volume of LiDAR point clouds is very huge, efficient compression is necessary to reduce their storage and transmission costs. However, existing learning-based compression methods do not exploit the inherent angular resolution…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Chang Sun , Hui Yuan , Shiqi Jiang , Da Ai , Wei Zhang , Raouf Hamzaoui