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Complex Word Identification (CWI) is the task of identifying which words or phrases in a sentence are difficult to understand by a target audience. The latest CWI Shared Task released data for two settings: monolingual (i.e. train and test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Pierre Finnimore , Elisabeth Fritzsch , Daniel King , Alison Sneyd , Aneeq Ur Rehman , Fernando Alva-Manchego , Andreas Vlachos

Multilingual pretrained language models (mPLMs) acquire valuable, generalizable linguistic information during pretraining and have advanced the state of the art on task-specific finetuning. To date, only ~31 out of ~2,000 African languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Ife Adebara , AbdelRahim Elmadany , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed , Alcides Alcoba Inciarte

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with cross-lingual tasks due to data imbalances between high-resource and low-resource languages, as well as monolingual bias in pre-training. Existing methods, such as bilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Weihua Zheng , Chang Liu , Zhengyuan Liu , Xin Huang , Kui Wu , Muhammad Huzaifah Md Shahrin , Aiti Aw , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Human knowledge is collectively encoded in the roughly 6500 languages spoken around the world, but it is not distributed equally across languages. Hence, for information-seeking question answering (QA) systems to adequately serve speakers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Fahim Faisal , Antonios Anastasopoulos

The pre-trained neural models have recently achieved impressive performances in understanding multimodal content. However, it is still very challenging to pre-train neural models for video and language understanding, especially for Chinese…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Chenyi Lei , Shixian Luo , Yong Liu , Wanggui He , Jiamang Wang , Guoxin Wang , Haihong Tang , Chunyan Miao , Houqiang Li

The field of natural language processing (NLP) has recently seen a large change towards using pre-trained language models for solving almost any task. Despite showing great improvements in benchmark datasets for various tasks, these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Lukas Lange , Heike Adel , Jannik Strötgen , Dietrich Klakow

Cross-lingual pre-training has achieved great successes using monolingual and bilingual plain text corpora. However, most pre-trained models neglect multilingual knowledge, which is language agnostic but comprises abundant cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Xiaoze Jiang , Yaobo Liang , Weizhu Chen , Nan Duan

Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) has shown marvelous improvements across various NLP tasks, and consecutive variants have been proposed to further improve the performance of the pre-trained language models. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Yiming Cui , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu , Bing Qin , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu

Currently, large language models (LLMs) predominantly focus on the text modality. To enable more natural human-AI interaction, speech LLMs are emerging, but building effective end-to-end speech LLMs remains challenging due to limited data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yan Zhou , Qingkai Fang , Yun Hong , Yang Feng

High-resource languages such as English, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same can not be said for most other languages as LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a gap in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jiayi Wang , Yao Lu , Maurice Weber , Max Ryabinin , David Adelani , Yihong Chen , Raphael Tang , Pontus Stenetorp

Recent advances in training multilingual language models on large datasets seem to have shown promising results in knowledge transfer across languages and achieve high performance on downstream tasks. However, we question to what extent the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Sara Rajaee , Christof Monz

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has demonstrated strong generalization across a wide range of visual tasks by leveraging large-scale English-image pairs. However, its extension to low-resource languages remains limited due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Dahyun Chung , Donghyun Shin , Yujin Sung , Seunggi Moon , Jinwoo Jeon , Byung-Jun Lee

For many real-world applications, the user-generated inputs usually contain various noises due to speech recognition errors caused by linguistic variations1 or typographical errors (typos). Thus, it is crucial to test model performance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Chenglei Si , Zhengyan Zhang , Yingfa Chen , Xiaozhi Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Recent work demonstrates the potential of multilingual pretraining of creating one model that can be used for various tasks in different languages. Previous work in multilingual pretraining has demonstrated that machine translation systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Yuqing Tang , Chau Tran , Xian Li , Peng-Jen Chen , Naman Goyal , Vishrav Chaudhary , Jiatao Gu , Angela Fan

Multilingual language models have shown decent performance in multilingual and cross-lingual natural language understanding tasks. However, the power of these multilingual models in code-switching tasks has not been fully explored. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Genta Indra Winata , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Zihan Liu , Zhaojiang Lin , Andrea Madotto , Pascale Fung

Multilingual Language Models (\MLLMs) such as mBERT, XLM, XLM-R, \textit{etc.} have emerged as a viable option for bringing the power of pretraining to a large number of languages. Given their success in zero-shot transfer learning, there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Sumanth Doddapaneni , Gowtham Ramesh , Mitesh M. Khapra , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Pratyush Kumar

With the success of down streaming task using English pre-trained language model, the pre-trained Chinese language model is also necessary to get a better performance of Chinese NLP task. Unlike the English language, Chinese has its special…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Chao Lv , Han Zhang , XinKai Du , Yunhao Zhang , Ying Huang , Wenhao Li , Jia Han , Shanshan Gu

Large language models respond well in high-resource languages like English but struggle in low-resource languages. It may arise from the lack of high-quality instruction following data in these languages. Directly translating English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Chong Li , Wen Yang , Jiajun Zhang , Jinliang Lu , Shaonan Wang , Chengqing Zong

In the current environment, psychological issues are prevalent and widespread, with social media serving as a key outlet for individuals to share their feelings. This results in the generation of vast quantities of data daily, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Wei Zhai , Hongzhi Qi , Qing Zhao , Jianqiang Li , Ziqi Wang , Han Wang , Bing Xiang Yang , Guanghui Fu

Multilingual language models are widely used to extend NLP systems to low-resource languages. However, concrete evidence for the effects of multilinguality on language modeling performance in individual languages remains scarce. Here, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Tyler A. Chang , Catherine Arnett , Zhuowen Tu , Benjamin K. Bergen