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We introduce a method to train Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) --- neural networks with extremely low precision (e.g., 1-bit) weights and activations, at run-time. At train-time the quantized weights and activations are used for computing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-09-23 Itay Hubara , Matthieu Courbariaux , Daniel Soudry , Ran El-Yaniv , Yoshua Bengio

Quantum computing (QC) seems to show potential for application in machine learning (ML). In particular quantum kernel methods (QKM) exhibit promising properties for use in supervised ML tasks. However, a major disadvantage of kernel methods…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Kilian Tscharke , Sebastian Issel , Pascal Debus

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for scalable quantum computing. However, it requires classical decoders that are fast and accurate enough to keep pace with quantum hardware. While quantum low-density parity-check codes have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Andi Gu , J. Pablo Bonilla Ataides , Mikhail D. Lukin , Susanne F. Yelin

Quantum algorithms based on parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) have enabled a wide range of applications on near-term quantum devices. However, existing PQC architectures face several challenges, among which the ``barren plateaus"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Zhenyu Chen , Yuguo Shao , Zhengwei Liu , Zhaohui Wei

Variational quantum algorithms are expected to demonstrate the advantage of quantum computing on near-term noisy quantum computers. However, training such variational quantum algorithms suffers from gradient vanishing as the size of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-30 Anbang Wu , Gushu Li , Yuke Wang , Boyuan Feng , Yufei Ding , Yuan Xie

The current generation of quantum computing technologies call for quantum algorithms that require a limited number of qubits and quantum gates, and which are robust against errors. A suitable design approach are variational circuits where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-10 Maria Schuld , Alex Bocharov , Krysta Svore , Nathan Wiebe

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for quantum computing to mitigate the effect of errors on qubits, and surface code (SC) is one of the most promising QEC methods. Decoding SCs is the most computational expensive task in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-02 Yosuke Ueno , Masaaki Kondo , Masamitsu Tanaka , Yasunari Suzuki , Yutaka Tabuchi

The feasibility of variational quantum algorithms, the most popular correspondent of neural networks on noisy, near-term quantum hardware, is highly impacted by the circuit depth of the involved parametrized quantum circuits (PQCs). Higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Philipp Schleich , Marta Skreta , Lasse B. Kristensen , Rodrigo A. Vargas-Hernández , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Recent assertions of a potential advantage of Quantum Neural Network (QNN) for specific Machine Learning (ML) tasks have sparked the curiosity of a sizable number of application researchers. The parameterized quantum circuit (PQC), a major…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-06 Mahabubul Alam , Satwik Kundu , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum machine learning has proven to be a fruitful area in which to search for potential applications of quantum computers. This is particularly true for those available in the near term, so called noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Brian Coyle

Variational training of parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) underpins many workflows employed on near-term noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. It is a hybrid quantum-classical approach that minimizes an associated cost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-10 Kathleen E. Hamilton , Emily Lynn , Raphael C. Pooser

Quantum computing has the potential to outperform classical computers and is expected to play an active role in various fields. In quantum machine learning, a quantum computer has been found useful for enhanced feature representation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-26 Masaya Watabe , Kodai Shiba , Masaru Sogabe , Katsuyoshi Sakamoto , Tomah Sogabe

Advancements in quantum computing have spurred significant interest in harnessing its potential for speedups over classical systems. However, noise remains a major obstacle to achieving reliable quantum algorithms. In this work, we present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Lucas Tecot , Di Luo , Cho-Jui Hsieh

In this paper, we focus on the task of optimizing the parameters in Parametrized Quantum Circuits (PQCs). While popular algorithms, such as Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation (SPSA), limit the number of circuit-execution to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Sayantan Pramanik , M Girish Chandra

While recent breakthroughs have proven the ability of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices to achieve quantum advantage in classically-intractable sampling tasks, the use of these devices for solving more practically relevant…

In this work, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm has been used to train various Variational Quantum Circuits (VQCs). This approach is motivated by the fact that commonly used gradient-based optimization methods can suffer from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Marco Mordacci , Michele Amoretti

Quantum machine learning implemented by variational quantum circuits (VQCs) is considered a promising concept for the noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing era. Focusing on applications in quantum reinforcement learning, we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 Nico Meyer , Daniel D. Scherer , Axel Plinge , Christopher Mutschler , Michael J. Hartmann

Parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) have recently emerged as promising components for enhancing the expressibility of neural architectures. In this work, we introduce QFFN-BERT, a hybrid quantum-classical transformer where the feedforward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Pilsung Kang

The study of variational quantum algorithms (VQCs) has received significant attention from the quantum computing community in recent years. These hybrid algorithms, utilizing both classical and quantum components, are well-suited for noisy…

One of the most significant bottleneck in training large scale machine learning models on parameter server (PS) is the communication overhead, because it needs to frequently exchange the model gradients between the workers and servers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Guoxin Cui , Jun Xu , Wei Zeng , Yanyan Lan , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng