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While in real life everyone behaves themselves at least to some extent, it is much more difficult to expect people to behave themselves on the internet, because there are few checks or consequences for posting something toxic to others.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Kehan Wang , Jiaxi Yang , Hongjun Wu

NSFW (Not Safe for Work) content, in the context of a dialogue, can have severe side effects on users in open-domain dialogue systems. However, research on detecting NSFW language, especially sexually explicit content, within a dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Huachuan Qiu , Shuai Zhang , Hongliang He , Anqi Li , Zhenzhong Lan

When a software bug is reported, developers engage in a discussion to collaboratively resolve it. While the solution is likely formulated within the discussion, it is often buried in a large amount of text, making it difficult to comprehend…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Sheena Panthaplackel , Junyi Jessy Li , Milos Gligoric , Raymond J. Mooney

Code review is considered a key process in the software industry for minimizing bugs and improving code quality. Inspection of review process effectiveness and continuous improvement can boost development productivity. Such inspection is a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Saifullah Mahbub , Md. Easin Arafat , Chowdhury Rafeed Rahman , Zannatul Ferdows , Masum Hasan

Semantic code search is the task of retrieving relevant code given a natural language query. While related to other information retrieval tasks, it requires bridging the gap between the language used in code (often abbreviated and highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Hamel Husain , Ho-Hsiang Wu , Tiferet Gazit , Miltiadis Allamanis , Marc Brockschmidt

The abstract outlines the problem of toxic comments on social media platforms, where individuals use disrespectful, abusive, and unreasonable language that can drive users away from discussions. This behavior is referred to as anti-social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 K. Poojitha , A. Sai Charish , M. Arun Kuamr Reddy , S. Ayyasamy

Existing studies have investigated the tendency of autoregressive language models to generate contexts that exhibit undesired biases and toxicity. Various debiasing approaches have been proposed, which are primarily categorized into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Yoon A Park , Frank Rudzicz

Context: Conflicts between software requirements bring uncertainties to product development. Some great approaches have been proposed to identify these conflicts. However, they usually require the software requirements represented with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Weize Guo , Li Zhang , Xiaoli Lian

Memes, as a widely used mode of online communication, often serve as vehicles for spreading harmful content. However, limitations in data accessibility and the high costs of dataset curation hinder the development of robust meme moderation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Subhankar Swain , Naquee Rizwan , Vishwa Gangadhar S , Nayandeep Deb , Animesh Mukherjee

Peer code review has been found to be effective in identifying security vulnerabilities. However, despite practicing mandatory code reviews, many Open Source Software (OSS) projects still encounter a large number of post-release security…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Rajshakhar Paul , Asif Kamal Turzo , Amiangshu Bosu

AI-based code generators have gained a fundamental role in assisting developers in writing software starting from natural language (NL). However, since these large language models are trained on massive volumes of data collected from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Cristina Improta

Modern Code Review (MCR) is a standard practice in software engineering, yet it demands substantial time and resource investments. Recent research has increasingly explored automating core review tasks using machine learning (ML) and deep…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Robert Heumüller , Frank Ortmeier

The spread of toxic content online is an important problem that has adverse effects on user experience online and in our society at large. Motivated by the importance and impact of the problem, research focuses on developing solutions to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Xinlei He , Savvas Zannettou , Yun Shen , Yang Zhang

Although there have been automated approaches and tools supporting toxicity censorship for social posts, most of them focus on detection. Toxicity censorship is a complex process, wherein detection is just an initial task and a user can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yaqiong Li , Peng Zhang , Hansu Gu , Tun Lu , Siyuan Qiao , Yubo Shu , Yiyang Shao , Ning Gu

The rise of social media has led to the increasing of comments on online forums. However, there still exists invalid comments which are not informative for users. Moreover, those comments are also quite toxic and harmful to people. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Luan Thanh Nguyen , Kiet Van Nguyen , Ngan Luu-Thuy Nguyen

Tackling toxic behavior in digital communication continues to be a pressing concern for both academics and industry professionals. While significant research has explored toxicity on platforms like social networks and discussion boards,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Naquee Rizwan , Nayandeep Deb , Sarthak Roy , Vishwajeet Singh Solanki , Kiran Garimella , Animesh Mukherjee

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) aim to recommend relevant items to users by eliciting user preference through natural language conversation. Prior work often utilizes external knowledge graphs for items' semantic information, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Mathieu Ravaut , Hao Zhang , Lu Xu , Aixin Sun , Yong Liu

Existing Chinese toxic content detection methods mainly target sentence-level classification but often fail to provide readable and contiguous toxic evidence spans. We propose \textbf{ToxiTrace}, an explainability-oriented method for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Boyang Li , Hongzhe Shou , Yuanyuan Liang , Jingbin Zhang , Fang Zhou

Causal discovery is a powerful technique for identifying causal relationships among variables in data. It has been widely used in various applications in software engineering. Causal discovery extensively involves conditional independence…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Pingchuan Ma , Zhenlan Ji , Peisen Yao , Shuai Wang , Kui Ren

Program repair techniques offer cost-saving benefits for debugging within software development and programming education scenarios. With the proven effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in code-related tasks, researchers have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Boyang Yang , Haoye Tian , Weiguo Pian , Haoran Yu , Haitao Wang , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé , Shunfu Jin