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Measurements are a vital part of any quantum computation, whether as a final step to retrieve results, as an intermediate step to inform subsequent operations, or as part of the computation itself (as in measurement-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Stefanie J. Beale , Joel J. Wallman

Quantum computers promise significant speedups in solving problems intractable for conventional computers but, despite recent progress, remain limited in scaling and availability. Therefore, quantum software and hardware development heavily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-08 Stefan Hillmich , Igor L. Markov , Robert Wille

In this contribution I review rigorous formulations of a variety of limitations of measurability in quantum mechanics. To this end I begin with a brief presentation of the conceptual tools of modern measurement theory. I will make precise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-04 Paul Busch

In this paper, we extend the standard formalism of quantum mechanics to a quantum theory for a total system including one internal measuring apparatus. The internality of the measuring apparatus implies that different decomposition of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-17 Wen-ge Wang

Quantum technologies exploit entanglement to enhance various tasks beyond their classical limits including computation, communication and measurements. Quantum metrology aims to increase the precision of a measured quantity that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-25 Bálint Koczor , Suguru Endo , Tyson Jones , Yuichiro Matsuzaki , Simon C. Benjamin

Incompatibility of certain measurements -- impossibility of obtaining deterministic outcomes simultaneously -- is a well known property of quantum mechanics. This feature can be utilized in many contexts, ranging from Bell inequalities to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 Martin Plesch , Matej Pivoluska

We initiate the systematic study of experimental quantum physics from the perspective of computational complexity. To this end, we define the framework of quantum algorithmic measurements (QUALMs), a hybrid of black box quantum algorithms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-09 Dorit Aharonov , Jordan Cotler , Xiao-Liang Qi

In the literature the performance of quantum data transmission systems is usually evaluated in the absence of thermal noise. A more realistic approach taking into account the thermal noise is intrinsically more difficult because it requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-16 G. Cariolaro , G. Pierobon

Quantum sensors are an established technology that has created new opportunities for precision sensing across the breadth of science. Using entanglement for quantum-enhancement will allow us to construct the next generation of sensors that…

In quantum computing, knowing the symmetries a given system or state obeys or disobeys is often useful. For example, Hamiltonian symmetries may limit allowed state transitions or simplify learning parameters in machine learning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-26 Margarite L. LaBorde , Soorya Rethinasamy , Mark M. Wilde

The ideas of digital simulation of quantum systems using a quantum computer parallel the original ideas of numerical simulation using a classical computer. In order for quantum computational simulations to advance to a competitive point,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 James Daniel Whitfield

Quantum measurements are not deterministic. For this reason quantum measurements are repeated for a number of shots on identically prepared systems. The uncertainty in each measurement depends on the number of shots and the expected outcome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Pieter Thijs Eendebak

The impact of measurement imperfections on quantum metrology protocols has not been approached in a systematic manner so far. In this work, we tackle this issue by generalising firstly the notion of quantum Fisher information to account for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Yink Loong Len , Tuvia Gefen , Alex Retzker , Jan Kołodyński

Topological symmetries, invertible and otherwise, play a fundamental role in the investigation of quantum field theories. Despite their ubiquitous importance across a multitude of disciplines ranging from string theory to condensed matter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Christopher Lamb , Robert M. Konik , Hubert Saleur , Ananda Roy

The quantum measurement problem, understanding why a unique outcome is obtained in each individual experiment, is tackled by solving models. After an introduction we review the many dynamical models proposed over the years. A flexible and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Armen E. Allahverdyan , Roger Balian , Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen

Suppose we want to benchmark a quantum device held by a remote party, e.g. by testing its ability to carry out challenging quantum measurements outside of a free set of measurements $\mathcal{M}$. A very simple way to do so is to set up a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-16 Ludovico Lami

We consider an ideal experiment in which unlimited nonprojective quantum measurements are sequentially performed on a system that is initially entangled with a distant one. At each step of the sequence, the measurements are randomly chosen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-30 Armin Tavakoli , Adán Cabello

We introduce the notion of compatibility dimension for a set of quantum measurements: it is the largest dimension of a Hilbert space on which the given measurements are compatible. In the Schr\"odinger picture, this notion corresponds to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Faedi Loulidi , Ion Nechita

A model of quantum noisy channel with input encoding by a classical random vector is described. An equation of optimality is derived to determine a complete set of wave functions describing quantum decodings based on quasi-measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. P. Belavkin , R. L. Stratonovich

Motivated by quantum resource theories, we introduce a notion of incompatibility for quantum measurements relative to a reference basis. The notion arises by considering states diagonal in that basis and investigating whether probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Georgios Styliaris , Paolo Zanardi