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Gravitational-wave (GW) events are generally believed to originate in galaxies and can thus serve, like galaxies, as tracers of the universe's large-scale structure. In GW observations, waveform analysis provides direct measurements of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-16 Ya-Nan Du , Ji-Yu Song , Yichao Li , Shang-Jie Jin , Ling-Feng Wang , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Gravitational waves (GWs) from merging compact objects encode direct information about the luminosity distance to the binary. When paired with a redshift measurement, this enables standard-siren cosmology: a Hubble diagram can be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-26 Amanda M. Farah , Thomas A. Callister , Jose María Ezquiaga , Michael Zevin , Daniel E. Holz

The next generation gravitational wave (GW) detectors -- Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer (CE) will have distance horizons up to $\mathcal{O}(10)$ Gpc for detecting binary neutron star (BNS) mergers. This will make them ideal for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-27 Mainak Mukhopadhyay , Shigeo S. Kimura , Kohta Murase

We present and assess a Bayesian method to interpret gravitational wave signals from binary black holes. Our method directly compares gravitational wave data to numerical relativity simulations. This procedure bypasses approximations used…

Search sensitivity to a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) is enhanced by cross-correlating detector signals. However, one of the most serious concerns is the environmental noise correlated between detectors. The global…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-05 Yoshiaki Himemoto , Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya

We study the detectability of postmerger QCD phase transitions in neutron star binaries with next-generation gravitational-wave detectors Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope. We perform numerical relativity simulations of neutron star…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-13 Aviral Prakash , Ish Gupta , Matteo Breschi , Rahul Kashyap , David Radice , Sebastiano Bernuzzi , Domenico Logoteta , B. S. Sathyaprakash

All-sky searches for generic short-duration astrophysical GW transients are often challenging because of noise transients. Developing novel signal-noise discriminators is crucial for GW transient searches with LIGO Scientific, Virgo, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-30 Sayantan Ghosh , Leigh Smith , Jiyoon Sun , Archana Pai , Ik Siong Heng , V. Gayathri

Accurate parameter estimation is key to maximizing the scientific impact of gravitational-wave astronomy. Parameters of a binary merger are typically estimated using Bayesian inference. It is necessary to make several assumptions when doing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-11 Suman Kulkarni , Collin D. Capano

Long-term precise timing of Galactic millisecond pulsars holds great promise for measuring the long-period (months-to-years) astrophysical gravitational waves. Several gravitational-wave observational programs, called Pulsar Timing Arrays…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rutger van Haasteren , Yuri Levin , Patrick McDonald , Tingting Lu

The most promising concept for low frequency gravitational wave observatories are laser interferometric detectors in space. It is usually assumed that the noise floor for such a detector is dominated by optical shot noise in the signal…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-23 Simon Barke , Yan Wang , Juan Jose Esteban Delgado , Michael Tröbs , Gerhard Heinzel , Karsten Danzmann

We provide a comprehensive multi-aspect study on the performance of a pipeline used by the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration for estimating parameters of gravitational-wave bursts. We add simulated signals with four different morphologies…

The sky localization of the gravitational wave (GW) source is an important scientific objective for GW observations. A network of space-based GW detectors dramatically improves the sky localization accuracy compared with an individual…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-06 Chunyu Zhang , Yungui Gong , Chao Zhang

The third-generation ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detector, Cosmic Explorer (CE), is scheduled to start its observation in the 2030s. In this paper, we make a forecast for cosmological parameter estimation with gravitational-wave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-26 Shang-Jie Jin , Dong-Ze He , Yidong Xu , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Next-generation gravitational-wave detectors will provide unprecedented sensitivity to inspiraling binary neutron stars and black holes, enabling detections at the peak of star formation and beyond. However, the signals from these systems…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-22 Andrew L. Miller , Neha Singh , Cristiano Palomba

We propose a data processing technique that allows searches for a stochastic background of gravitational radiation with data from a single detector. Our technique exploits the difference between the coherence time of the gravitational wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-05-22 Massimo Tinto , J. W. Armstrong

Accurately estimating the parameters of the nanohertz gravitational-wave background is essential for understanding its origin. The background is typically modeled with a power-law spectrum, parametrized with an amplitude $A$, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-25 Valentina Di Marco , Andrew Zic , Ryan M. Shannon , Eric Thrane , Atharva D. Kulkarni

Dynamical effects in general relativity have been finally, relatively recently observed by LIGO\cite{2016LRR....19....1A}. To be able to measure these signals, great care has to be taken to minimize all sources of noise in the detector. One…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-10 Victor Massart , M. B. Paranjape

We consider stellar-origin black hole binaries, which are among the main astrophysical sources for next generation gravitational wave (GW) detectors such as the Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer (CE). Using population models…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-23 Mauro Pieroni , Angelo Ricciardone , Enrico Barausse

Recent years have seen a burgeoning interest in using pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) as gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. To date, that interest has focused mainly on three particularly promising source types: supermassive--black-hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-02-26 Curt Cutler , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , Michele Vallisneri , Joseph Lazio , Walid Majid

Inspiraling binaries of compact objects are primary targets for current and future gravitational-wave observatories. Waveforms computed in General Relativity are used to search for these sources, and will probably be used to extract source…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Michele Vallisneri , Nicolas Yunes