Related papers: Isometry groups of formal languages for generalize…

We consider norms on a complex separable Hilbert space such that $\langle a\xi,\xi\rangle\leq\|\xi\|^2\leq\langle b\xi,\xi\rangle$ for positive invertible operators $a$ and $b$ that differ by an operator in the Schatten class. We prove that…

The linear representation hypothesis is the informal idea that semantic concepts are encoded as linear directions in the representation spaces of large language models (LLMs). Previous work has shown how to make this notion precise for…

It was shown by Lubotzky in 2014 that automorphism invariant subsets of finite simple groups which contain identity are always word images. In this article, we study word maps on finite nilpotent groups and show that for arbitrary finite…

Let $G$ be a metric group and let $\sA ut(G)$ denote the automorphism group of $G$. If $\sA$ and $\sB$ are groups of $G$-valued maps defined on the sets $X$ and $Y$, respectively, we say that $\sA$ and $\sB$ are \emph{equivalent} if there…

The study of verbal subgroups within a group is well-known for being an effective tool to obtain structural information about a group. Therefore, conditions that allow the classification of words in a free group are of paramount importance.…

Two pseudo-Riemannian metrics are called projectively equivalent if their unparametrized geodesics coincide. The degree of mobility of a metric is the dimension of the space of metrics that are projectively equivalent to it. We give a…

We consider space functions $s(n)$ of finitely presented groups $G =< A\mid R> .$ (These functions have a natural geometric analog.) To define $s(n)$ we start with a word $w$ over $A$ of length at most $n$ equal to 1 in $G$ and use…

Modern machine learning increasingly leverages the insight that high-dimensional data often lie near low-dimensional, non-linear manifolds, an idea known as the manifold hypothesis. By explicitly modeling the geometric structure of data…

We construct easy embeddings of relatively free groups (say the free Burnside group, the free solvable group) into finitely presented groups. We introduce a concept of verbal isoperimetric function of a group variety. We prove that if the…

For all left-invariant Riemannian metrics on three-dimensional unimodular Lie groups, there exist particular left-invariant orthonormal frames, so-called Milnor frames. In this paper, for any left-invariant Riemannian metrics on any Lie…

This note is devoted to proving the following result: given a compact metrizable group G, there is a compact metric space K such that G is isomorphic (as a topological group) to the isometry group of K.

We present a general framework for automatic continuity results for groups of isometries of metric spaces. In particular, we prove automatic continuity property for the group of isometries of the Urysohn space and the Urysohn sphere, i.e.…

We propose a criterion for preserving the regularity of a formal language representation when passing from groups to subgroups. We use this criterion to show that the regularity of a positive cone language in a left-orderable group passes…

Embeddings of word structures into matrix semigroups provide a natural bridge between combinatorics on words and linear algebra. However, low-dimensional matrix semigroups impose strong structural restrictions on possible embeddings.…

Cross-lingual or cross-domain correspondences play key roles in tasks ranging from machine translation to transfer learning. Recently, purely unsupervised methods operating on monolingual embeddings have become effective alignment tools.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform internal computations in continuous vector spaces yet produce discrete tokens -- a fundamental mismatch whose geometric consequences remain poorly understood. We develop a mathematical framework that…

An action of a compact quantum group on a compact metric space $(X,d)$ is (D)-isometric if the distance function is preserved by a diagonal action on $X\times X$. We show that an isometric action in this sense has the following additional…

The distance from the origin in the word metric for generalizations F(p) of Thompson's group F is quasi-isometric to the number of carets in the reduced rooted tree diagrams representing the elements of F(p). This interpretation of the…

Two groups have a common model geometry if they act properly and cocompactly by isometries on the same proper geodesic metric space. The Milnor-Schwarz lemma implies that groups with a common model geometry are quasi-isometric; however, the…

We give a concise proof that large classes of optimal (constant curvature or Einstein) pseudo-Riemannian metrics are maximally symmetric within their conformal class.