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Related papers: On the Effectiveness of Dataset Watermarking in Ad…

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Advancements in deep generative models have made it possible to synthesize images, videos and audio signals that are difficult to distinguish from natural signals, creating opportunities for potential abuse of these capabilities. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Jamie Hayes , Krishnamurthy , Dvijotham , Yutian Chen , Sander Dieleman , Pushmeet Kohli , Norman Casagrande

Annotating medical data for training AI models is often costly and limited due to the shortage of specialists with relevant clinical expertise. This challenge is further compounded by privacy and ethical concerns associated with sensitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Qinkai Yu , Chong Zhang , Gaojie Jin , Tianjin Huang , Wei Zhou , Wenhui Li , Xiaobo Jin , Bo Huang , Yitian Zhao , Guang Yang , Gregory Y. H. Lip , Yalin Zheng , Aline Villavicencio , Yanda Meng

The rapid advancement of generative AI has underscored the critical need for identifying image ownership and protecting copyrights. This makes post-processing image watermarking an essential tool -- it involves embedding a specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xinyu Zhang , Ziping Dong , Qingyu Liu , Yuan Hong , Zhongjie Ba , Kui Ren

As Artificial Intelligence as a Service gains popularity, protecting well-trained models as intellectual property is becoming increasingly important. There are two common types of protection methods: ownership verification and usage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Lixu Wang , Shichao Xu , Ruiqi Xu , Xiao Wang , Qi Zhu

Model watermarking techniques can embed watermark information into the protected model for ownership declaration by constructing specific input-output pairs. However, existing watermarks are easily removed when facing model stealing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yunfei Yang , Xiaojun Chen , Yuexin Xuan , Zhendong Zhao , Xin Zhao , He Li

In recent years, various watermarking methods were suggested to detect computer vision models obtained illegitimately from their owners, however they fail to demonstrate satisfactory robustness against model extraction attacks. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Jacob Shams , Ben Nassi , Ikuya Morikawa , Toshiya Shimizu , Asaf Shabtai , Yuval Elovici

In this paper, we propose a novel framework for ownership verification of deep neural network (DNN) models for image classification tasks. It allows verification of model identity by both the rightful owner and third party without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Teruki Sano , Minoru Kuribayashi , Masao Sakai , Shuji Isobe , Eisuke Koizumi

In recent years, there has been significant advancement in the field of model watermarking techniques. However, the protection of image-processing neural networks remains a challenge, with only a limited number of methods being developed.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Huajie Chen , Tianqing Zhu , Chi Liu , Shui Yu , Wanlei Zhou

Watermarking of large language models (LLMs) generation embeds an imperceptible statistical pattern within texts, making it algorithmically detectable. Watermarking is a promising method for addressing potential harm and biases from LLMs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Lingjie Chen , Ruizhong Qiu , Siyu Yuan , Zhining Liu , Tianxin Wei , Hyunsik Yoo , Zhichen Zeng , Deqing Yang , Hanghang Tong

The rise of machine learning as a service and model sharing platforms has raised the need of traitor-tracing the models and proof of authorship. Watermarking technique is the main component of existing methods for protecting copyright of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Ziqi Yang , Hung Dang , Ee-Chien Chang

Deep neural networks have recently achieved significant progress. Sharing trained models of these deep neural networks is very important in the rapid progress of researching or developing deep neural network systems. At the same time, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Yusuke Uchida , Yuki Nagai , Shigeyuki Sakazawa , Shin'ichi Satoh

With the widespread adoption of open-source code language models (code LMs), intellectual property (IP) protection has become an increasingly critical concern. While current watermarking techniques have the potential to identify the code LM…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Boyu Zhang , Ping He , Tianyu Du , Xuhong Zhang , Lei Yun , Kingsum Chow , Jianwei Yin

Dataset bias is a problem in adversarial machine learning, especially in the evaluation of defenses. An adversarial attack or defense algorithm may show better results on the reported dataset than can be replicated on other datasets. Even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Camilo Pestana , Wei Liu , David Glance , Ajmal Mian

Visible watermarks are widely-used in images to protect copyright ownership. Analyzing watermark removal helps to reinforce the anti-attack techniques in an adversarial way. Current removal methods normally leverage image-to-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Yang Liu , Zhen Zhu , Xiang Bai

Watermarking is an important copyright protection technology which generally embeds the identity information into the carrier imperceptibly. Then the identity can be extracted to prove the copyright from the watermarked carrier even after…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Sulong Ge , Zhihua Xia , Jianwei Fei , Xingming Sun , Jian Weng

Backdoor data poisoning is a crucial technique for ownership protection and defending against malicious attacks. Embedding hidden triggers in training data can manipulate model outputs, enabling provenance verification, and deterring…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Kuan-Yu Chen , Yi-Cheng Lin , Jeng-Lin Li , Jian-Jiun Ding

Watermarking plays a key role in the provenance and detection of AI-generated content. While existing methods prioritize robustness against real-world distortions (e.g., JPEG compression and noise addition), we reveal a fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Zhongjie Ba , Yitao Zhang , Peng Cheng , Bin Gong , Xinyu Zhang , Qinglong Wang , Kui Ren

Recent progress in large language models enables the creation of realistic machine-generated content. Watermarking is a promising approach to distinguish machine-generated text from human text, embedding statistical signals in the output…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Patrick Chao , Yan Sun , Edgar Dobriban , Hamed Hassani

To mitigate the potential harms of Large Language Models (LLMs)generated text, researchers have proposed watermarking, a process of embedding detectable signals within text. With watermarking, we can always accurately detect LLM-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 William Guo , Adaku Uchendu , Ana Smith

Copyright protection for deep neural networks (DNNs) is an urgent need for AI corporations. To trace illegally distributed model copies, DNN watermarking is an emerging technique for embedding and verifying secret identity messages in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Yifan Yan , Xudong Pan , Mi Zhang , Min Yang