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Typically, spoken language understanding (SLU) models are trained on annotated data which are costly to gather. Aiming to reduce data needs for bootstrapping a SLU system for a new language, we present a simple but effective weight transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Quynh Ngoc Thi Do , Judith Gaspers

It is now established that modern neural language models can be successfully trained on multiple languages simultaneously without changes to the underlying architecture. But what kind of knowledge is really shared among languages within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Prajit Dhar , Arianna Bisazza

Adapting large language models to other languages typically employs supervised fine-tuning (SFT) as a standard approach. However, it often suffers from an overemphasis on English performance, a phenomenon that is especially pronounced in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Jungseob Lee , Seongtae Hong , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

In this paper, we introduce XGLUE, a new benchmark dataset that can be used to train large-scale cross-lingual pre-trained models using multilingual and bilingual corpora and evaluate their performance across a diverse set of cross-lingual…

Zero-shot cross-lingual transfer is when a multilingual model is trained to perform a task in one language and then is applied to another language. Although the zero-shot cross-lingual transfer approach has achieved success in various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Tianjian Li , Kenton Murray

Multilingual machine translation systems aim to make knowledge accessible across languages, yet learning effective cross-lingual representations remains challenging. These challenges are especially pronounced for low-resource languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 David Stap

Customizing machine translation models to comply with desired attributes (e.g., formality or grammatical gender) is a well-studied topic. However, most current approaches rely on (semi-)supervised data with attribute annotations. This data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Danni Liu , Jan Niehues

The recent increase in data and model scale for language model pre-training has led to huge training costs. In scenarios where new data become available over time, updating a model instead of fully retraining it would therefore provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Evangelia Gogoulou , Timothée Lesort , Magnus Boman , Joakim Nivre

Cross-lingual alignment (CLA) aims to align multilingual representations, enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to seamlessly transfer knowledge across languages. While intuitive, we hypothesize, this pursuit of representational convergence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 HyoJung Han , Sweta Agrawal , Eleftheria Briakou

End-to-end Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) models are made increasingly large and complex to achieve the state-ofthe-art accuracy. However, the increased complexity of a model can also introduce high risk of over-fitting, which is a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-14 Xueli Jia , Jianzong Wang , Zhiyong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

We investigate how large language models perform on low-resource languages by benchmarking eight LLMs across five experimental conditions in English, Kazakh, and Mongolian. Using 50 hand-crafted questions spanning factual, reasoning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Abdul-Salem Beibitkhan

Recent generative large language models (LLMs) show remarkable performance in non-English languages, but when prompted in those languages they tend to express higher harmful social biases and toxicity levels. Prior work has shown that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Vera Neplenbroek , Arianna Bisazza , Raquel Fernández

In recent years, pre-trained Multilingual Language Models (MLLMs) have shown a strong ability to transfer knowledge across different languages. However, given that the aspiration for such an ability has not been explicitly incorporated in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Fred Philippy , Siwen Guo , Shohreh Haddadan

Crosslingual transfer is crucial to contemporary language models' multilingual capabilities, but how it occurs is not well understood. We ask what happens to a monolingual language model when it begins to be trained on a second language.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Catherine Arnett , Tyler A. Chang , James A. Michaelov , Benjamin K. Bergen

Neural machine translation is known to require large numbers of parallel training sentences, which generally prevent it from excelling on low-resource language pairs. This thesis explores the use of cross-lingual transfer learning on neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Tom Kocmi

Transfer learning based on pretraining language models on a large amount of raw data has become a new norm to reach state-of-the-art performance in NLP. Still, it remains unclear how this approach should be applied for unseen languages that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Benjamin Muller , Antonis Anastasopoulos , Benoît Sagot , Djamé Seddah

As pre-trained language models become more resource-demanding, the inequality between resource-rich languages such as English and resource-scarce languages is worsening. This can be attributed to the fact that the amount of available…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Suhyune Son , Chanjun Park , Jungseob Lee , Midan Shim , Chanhee Lee , Yoonna Jang , Jaehyung Seo , Heuiseok Lim

Cross-lingual text classification leverages text classifiers trained in a high-resource language to perform text classification in other languages with no or minimal fine-tuning (zero/few-shots cross-lingual transfer). Nowadays,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Gholamreza Haffari , Massimo Piccardi

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited considerable cross-lingual generalization abilities, whereby they implicitly transfer knowledge across languages. However, the transfer is not equally successful for all languages, especially for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Ningyu Xu , Qi Zhang , Jingting Ye , Menghan Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large language models demonstrate reasonable multilingual abilities, despite predominantly English-centric pretraining. However, the spontaneous multilingual alignment in these models is shown to be weak, leading to unsatisfactory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jiahuan Li , Shujian Huang , Aarron Ching , Xinyu Dai , Jiajun Chen