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Sparse deep learning has reduced computation significantly, but its irregular non-zero data distribution complicates the data flow and hinders data reuse, increasing on-chip SRAM access and thus power consumption of the chip. This paper…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Kai-Chieh Hsu , Tian-Sheuan Chang

This paper summarizes the idea of Adaptive-Latency DRAM (AL-DRAM), which was published in HPCA 2015. The key goal of AL-DRAM is to exploit the extra margin that is built into the DRAM timing parameters to reduce DRAM latency. The key…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-03-29 Donghyuk Lee , Yoongu Kim , Gennady Pekhimenko , Samira Khan , Vivek Seshadri , Kevin Chang , Onur Mutlu

Cortical networks are hypothesized to rely on transient network activity to support short term memory (STM). In this paper we study the capacity of randomly connected recurrent linear networks for performing STM when the input signals are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-05 Adam S. Charles , Han Lun Yap , Christopher J. Rozell

In the domain of machine learning, Neural Memory Networks (NMNs) have recently achieved impressive results in a variety of application areas including visual question answering, trajectory prediction, object tracking, and language…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Tharindu Fernando , Simon Denman , David Ahmedt-Aristizabal , Sridha Sridharan , Kristin Laurens , Patrick Johnston , Clinton Fookes

Cache serves as a temporary data memory module in many general-purpose processors and domain-specific accelerators. Its density, power, speed, and reliability play a critical role in enhancing the overall system performance and quality of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Hongtao Zhong , Zijie Zheng , Leming Jiao , Zuopu Zhou , Chen Sun , Xiaoyang Ma , Vijaykrishnan Narayanan , Huazhong Yang , Kai Ni , Xiao Gong , Xueqing Li

Magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) is a promising memory technology due to its high density, non-volatility, and high endurance. However, achieving high memory fidelity incurs significant write-energy costs, which should be reduced for…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Yongjune Kim , Yoocharn Jeon , Hyeokjin Choi , Cyril Guyot , Yuval Cassuto

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a promising and energy-efficient alternative to conventional neural networks, thanks to their sparse binary activation. However, they face challenges regarding memory and computation overhead due to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Donghyun Lee , Abhishek Moitra , Youngeun Kim , Ruokai Yin , Priyadarshini Panda

Resistive random-access memory is one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of non-volatile memory technology. However, its crossbar structure causes severe "sneak-path" interference, which also leads to strong inter-cell…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Guanghui Song , Kui Cai , Ce Sun , Xingwei Zhong , Jun Cheng

Recent years have witnessed Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) gaining attention for their ultra-low energy consumption and high biological plausibility compared with traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Despite their distinguished…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Jiahang Cao , Hanzhong Guo , Ziqing Wang , Deming Zhou , Hao Cheng , Qiang Zhang , Renjing Xu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as an attractive spatio-temporal computing paradigm for complex vision tasks. However, most existing works yield models that require many time steps and do not leverage the inherent temporal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Gourav Datta , Haoqin Deng , Robert Aviles , Peter A. Beerel

Future extreme-scale computer systems may expose silent data corruption (SDC) to applications, in order to save energy or increase performance. However, resilience research struggles to come up with useful abstract programming models for…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2014-01-15 James Elliott , Mark Hoemmen , Frank Mueller

A new statistical approach has been developed to analyze Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) variability. The stochastic nature of the physical processes behind the operation of resistive memories makes variability one of the key issues…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-02-08 Christian Acal , Juan E. Ruiz-Castro , Ana M. Aguilera , Francisco Jiménez-Molinos , Juan B. Roldán

Real-space mapping of doping concentration in semiconductor devices is of great importance for the microelectronic industry. In this work, a scanning microwave impedance microscope (MIM) is employed to resolve the local conductivity…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-01-08 Worasom Kundhikanjana , Yongliang Yang , Qiaochu Tang , Kun Zhang Keji Lai , Yue Ma , Mike Kelly , Xinxin Li , Zhi-Xun Shen

Magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) technologies with thermally unstable nanomagnets are leveraged to develop an intrinsic stochastic neuron as a building block for restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) to form deep belief networks…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-04-01 Ramtin Zand , Kerem Y. Camsari , Supriyo Datta , Ronald F. DeMara

The ever-increasing demand to extract temporal correlations across sequential data and perform context-based learning in this era of big data has led to the development of long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. Furthermore, there is an…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Honey Nikam , Siddharth Satyam , Shubham Sahay

Reservoir computing is a highly efficient machine learning framework for processing temporal data by extracting features from the input signal and mapping them into higher dimensional spaces. Physical reservoir layers have been realized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Md Razuan Hossain , Ahmed Salah Mohamed , Nicholas Xavier Armendarez , Joseph S. Najem , Md Sakib Hasan

To enable a dense integration of model synapses in a spiking neural networks hardware, various nano-scale devices are being considered. Such a device, besides exhibiting spike-time dependent plasticity (STDP), needs to be highly scalable,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Aditya Shukla , Sidharth Prasad , Sandip Lashkare , Udayan Ganguly

Neuromorphic architectures built with Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) can significantly improve the energy efficiency of machine learning tasks designed with Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs). A major source of voltage drop in a crossbar of these…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Twisha Titirsha , Anup Das

Digital In-memory computing improves energy efficiency and throughput of a data-intensive process, which incur memory thrashing and, resulting multiple same memory accesses in a von Neumann architecture. Digital in-memory computing involves…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Veerendra S Devaraddi , Joycee M. Mekie

3D NAND flash memory with advanced multi-level cell techniques provides high storage density, but suffers from significant performance degradation due to a large number of read-retry operations. Although the read-retry mechanism is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Jisung Park , Myungsuk Kim , Myoungjun Chun , Lois Orosa , Jihong Kim , Onur Mutlu