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Cryptochrome flavoproteins are prime candidates for mediating magnetic sensing in migratory animals via the radical pair mechanism (RPM), a spin-dependent process initiated by photoinduced electron transfer. The canonical FAD-tryptophan…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-01 Zou Chengye , Liu Ya-jun , Wang Beibei

The radical pair model has been successful in explaining behavioral characteristics of the geomagnetic compass believed to underlie the navigation capability of certain avian species. In this study, the spin dynamics of the radical pair…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-01-29 Vishvendra Singh Poonia , Dipankar Saha , Swaroop Ganguly

Radical-pair reactions pertinent to biological magnetic field sensing are an ideal system for demonstrating the paradigm of quantum biology, the exploration of quantum coherene effects in complex biological systems. We here provide yet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 I. K. Kominis

Theoretical studies indicating the presence of long-lived coherence in the radical pair system have engendered questions about the utilitarian role of sustained coherence in the avian compass. In this manuscript, we investigate this for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-23 Rakshit Jain , Vishvendra Singh Poonia , Kasturi Saha , Dipankar Saha , Swaroop Ganguly

Quantum metrology makes use of coherent superpositions to detect weak signals. While in principle the sensitivity can be improved by increasing the density of sensing particles, in practice this improvement is severely hindered by…

Certain migratory birds can sense the earth's magnetic field. The nature of this process is not yet properly understood. Here we offer a simple explanation according to which birds literally `see' the local magnetic field: Our model relates…

Quantum magnetometry represents a fundamental component of quantum metrology, where trapped-ion systems have achieved $\rm{pT}/\sqrt{\rm{Hz}}$ sensitivity in single-ion radio-frequency magnetic field measurements via dressed states based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Yuxiang Huang , Wei Wu , Qingyuan Mei , Yiheng Lin

Measurements monitoring the inductive coupling between oscillating radio-frequency magnetic fields and objects of interest create versatile platforms for non-destructive testing. The benefits of ultra low frequency measurements, i.e., below…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 L. M. Rushton , L. M. Ellis , J. D. Zipfel , P. Bevington , W. Chalupczak

Many living organisms can exploit quantum mechanical effects to gain distinct biological advantages. In plants, photosynthesis uses quantum coherence to achieve near 100% efficiency in energy transfer. With advances in experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Rong-Hang Chen , Jing Dong , Wen Yang , Qing Ai , Gui-Lu Long

The low-energy behaviour of 2 coupled nanomagnets or 2 coupled SQUIDs, interacting with their environment, can be described by the model of a ``Pair or Interacting Spins Coupled to an Environmental Sea'' (PISCES). These physical systems can…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Dube , P. C. E. Stamp

The mechanism of avian navigation is an important question for global scientists. One of the most famous candidates is the radical pair mechanism (RPM), which shows that avian navigation is achieved by detecting the amount of products from…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-01-02 Jia-Yi Wu , Xin-Yuan Hu , Hai-Yuan Zhu , Ru-Qiong Deng , Qing Ai

Magnetic field effects (MFE) in certain chemical reactions have been well established in the last five decades and are attributed to the evolution of transient radical-pairs whose spin dynamics are determined by local and external magnetic…

Quantum sensing is an ever-evolving research field describing the use of a quantum phenomenon to perform measurement of a physical quantity. Amongst different types of quantum sensors, atomic vapor-based quantum effects are extensively used…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-07-13 Kfir Levi , Avital Giat , Liran Golan , Eliran Talker , Liron Stern

An experimentally feasible magnetometer based on a dual-coupling optomechanical system is proposed, where the radiation-pressure coupling transduces the magnetic signal to the optical phase, and the quadratic optomechanical interaction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-16 Gui-Lei Zhu , Jing Liu , Ying Wu , Xin-You Lü

Recently, there have been significant developments in entanglement-based quantum metrology. However, entanglement is fragile against experimental imperfections, and quantum sensing to beat the standard quantum limit in scaling has not yet…

The typical bound on parameter estimation, known as the standard quantum limit (SQL), can be surpassed by exploiting quantum resources such as entanglement. To estimate the magnetic probe field, we propose a quantum sensor based on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Monika Mothsara , Leela Ganesh Chandra Lakkaraju , Srijon Ghosh , Aditi Sen De

The physical concept of quantum entanglement is brought to the biological domain. We simulate the cooperation of two insects by hypothesizing that they share a large number of quantum entangled spin-1/2 particles. Each of them makes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Johann Summhammer

Quantum sensing utilizes quantum systems as sensors to capture weak signal, and provides new opportunities in nowadays science and technology. The strongest adversary in quantum sensing is decoherence due to the coupling between the sensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Yijin Xie , Jianpei Geng , Huiyao Yu , Xing Rong , Ya Wang , Jiangfeng Du

Quantum entanglement, in the form of spin squeezing, is known to improve the sensitivity of atomic sensors to static or slowly varying fields. Sensing transient events presents a distinct challenge, requires different analysis tools, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-08 Julia Amoros-Binefa

Spins are prototypical systems with the potential to probe magnetic fields down to the atomic scale limit. Exploiting their quantum nature through appropriate sensing protocols allows to enlarge their applicability to fields not always…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-26 Claudio Bonizzoni , Alberto Ghirri , Fabio Santanni , Marco Affronte