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Quantum utility has been severely limited in superconducting quantum hardware until now by the modest number of qubits and the relatively high level of control and readout errors, due to the intentional coupling with the external…

Fracton topological phases host fractionalized topological quasiparticles with restricted mobility, with promising applications to fault-tolerant quantum computation. While a variety of exactly solvable fracton models have been proposed,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-08-21 Yizhi You , Felix von Oppen

Quantum error-correcting codes are a vital technology for demonstrating reliable quantum computation. They require data qubits for encoding quantum information and ancillary qubits for taking error syndromes necessary for error correction.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Shintaro Sato , Yasunari Suzuki

In this paper, we explore the relationship between the width of a qubit lattice constrained in one dimension and physical thresholds for scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computation. To circumvent the traditionally low thresholds of small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-15 Alexis T. E. Shaw , Michael J. Bremner , Alexandru Paler , Daniel Herr , Simon J. Devitt

Quantum error correction becomes a practical possibility only if the physical error rate is below a threshold value that depends on a particular quantum code, syndrome measurement circuit, and decoding algorithm. Here we present an…

Currently, the mainstream approach to quantum computing is through surface codes. One way to store and manipulate quantum information with these to create defects in the codes which can be moved and used as if they were particles.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-12 James R. Wootton

The network paradigm for quantum computing involves interconnecting many modules to form a scalable machine. Typically it is assumed that the links between modules are prone to noise while operations within modules have significantly higher…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-05 Ying Li , Simon C. Benjamin

Quantum computing holds the promise of solving classically intractable problems. Enabling this requires scalable and hardware-efficient quantum processors with vanishing error rates. This perspective manuscript describes how bosonic codes,…

Current, near-term quantum devices have shown great progress in recent years culminating with a demonstration of quantum supremacy. In the medium-term, however, quantum machines will need to transition to greater reliability through error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-07 Casey Duckering , Jonathan M. Baker , David I. Schuster , Frederic T. Chong

With the rapid developments in quantum hardware comes a push towards the first practical applications on these devices. While fully fault-tolerant quantum computers may still be years away, one may ask if there exist intermediate forms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Jarrod R. McClean , Zhang Jiang , Nicholas C. Rubin , Ryan Babbush , Hartmut Neven

There are well known necessary and sufficient conditions for a quantum code to correct a set of errors. We study weaker conditions under which a quantum code may correct errors with probabilities that may be less than one. We work with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jesse Fern , John Terilla

Quantum systems can be dynamically controlled using time-periodic external fields, leading to the concept of Floquet engineering, with promising technological applications. Computing Floquet energy spectra is harder than only computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Benedikt Fauseweh , Jian-Xin Zhu

Measurement fidelity matrices (MFMs) (also called error kernels) are a natural way to characterize state preparation and measurement errors in near-term quantum hardware. They can be employed in post processing to mitigate errors and…

Modular architectures offer a scalable path toward fault-tolerant quantum computing by interconnecting smaller quantum processing units (QPUs) provided that high-rate, fault-tolerant interfaces can be realized across modules. We present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Frederik K. Marqversen , Gefen Baranes , Maxim Sirotin , Johannes Borregaard

Reducing space and time overheads of fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) has been receiving increasing attention as it is crucial for the development of quantum computers and also plays a fundamental role in understanding the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-14 Yugo Takada , Hayata Yamasaki

Surface codes are quantum error correcting codes normally defined on 2D arrays of qubits. In this paper, we introduce a surface code design based on the fact that the severity of bit flip and phase flip errors in the physical quantum…

Typically, fault-tolerant operations and code concatenation are reserved for quantum error correction due to their resource overhead. Here, we show that fault tolerant operations have a large impact on the performance of symmetry based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-19 Alvin Gonzales , Anjala M Babu , Ji Liu , Zain Saleem , Mark Byrd

The technological development of hardware heading toward universal fault-tolerant quantum computation requires a large-scale processing unit with high performance. While fluxonium qubits are promising with high coherence and large…

In recent years, surface codes have become a leading method for quantum error correction in theoretical large scale computational and communications architecture designs. Their comparatively high fault-tolerant thresholds and their natural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-21 Dominic Horsman , Austin G. Fowler , Simon Devitt , Rodney Van Meter

Fermion-to-qubit mappings that preserve geometric locality are especially useful for simulating lattice fermion models (e.g., the Hubbard model) on a quantum computer. They avoid the overhead associated with geometric non-local parity terms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-25 Zhang Jiang , Jarrod McClean , Ryan Babbush , Hartmut Neven