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In this work, we describe a full-stack pipeline for natural language processing on near-term quantum computers, aka QNLP. The language-modelling framework we employ is that of compositional distributional semantics (DisCoCat), which extends…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Konstantinos Meichanetzidis , Stefano Gogioso , Giovanni de Felice , Nicolò Chiappori , Alexis Toumi , Bob Coecke

Quantum Natural Language Processing (QNLP) deals with the design and implementation of NLP models intended to be run on quantum hardware. In this paper, we present results on the first NLP experiments conducted on Noisy Intermediate-Scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Robin Lorenz , Anna Pearson , Konstantinos Meichanetzidis , Dimitri Kartsaklis , Bob Coecke

Natural language processing (NLP) is at the forefront of great advances in contemporary AI, and it is arguably one of the most challenging areas of the field. At the same time, in the area of Quantum Computing (QC), with the steady growth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-15 Konstantinos Meichanetzidis , Alexis Toumi , Giovanni de Felice , Bob Coecke

Natural language processing (NLP) is the field that attempts to make human language accessible to computers, and it relies on applying a mathematical model to express the meaning of symbolic language. One such model, DisCoCat, defines how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Matt Wright

We provide conceptual and mathematical foundations for near-term quantum natural language processing (QNLP), and do so in quantum computer scientist friendly terms. We opted for an expository presentation style, and provide references for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Bob Coecke , Giovanni de Felice , Konstantinos Meichanetzidis , Alexis Toumi

In recent developments, deep learning methodologies applied to Natural Language Processing (NLP) have revealed a paradox: They improve performance but demand considerable data and resources for their training. Alternatively, quantum…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Farha Nausheen , Khandakar Ahmed , M Imad Khan , Farina Riaz

The emergence of noisy medium-scale quantum devices has led to proof-of-concept applications for quantum computing in various domains. Examples include Natural Language Processing (NLP) where sentence classification experiments have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-03 Amin Karamlou , Marcel Pfaffhauser , James Wootton

This thesis introduces quantum natural language processing (QNLP) models based on a simple yet powerful analogy between computational linguistics and quantum mechanics: grammar as entanglement. The grammatical structure of text and…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-14 Alexis Toumi

Quantum natural language processing (QNLP) offers a novel approach to semantic modeling by embedding compositional structure directly into quantum circuits. This paper investigates the application of QNLP models to the task of Natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ling Sun , Peter Sullivan , Michael Martin , Yun Zhou

This paper describes experiments showing that some tasks in natural language processing (NLP) can already be performed using quantum computers, though so far only with small datasets. We demonstrate various approaches to topic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Dominic Widdows , Aaranya Alexander , Daiwei Zhu , Chase Zimmerman , Arunava Majumder

Language processing is at the heart of current developments in artificial intelligence, and quantum computers are becoming available at the same time. This has led to great interest in quantum natural language processing, and several early…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Dominic Widdows , Willie Aboumrad , Dohun Kim , Sayonee Ray , Jonathan Mei

Sentiment classification is one the best use case of classical natural language processing (NLP) where we can witness its power in various daily life domains such as banking, business and marketing industry. We already know how classical AI…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-01 Srinjoy Ganguly , Sai Nandan Morapakula , Luis Miguel Pozo Coronado

Despite significant advances in quantum computing across various domains, research on applying quantum approaches to language compositionality - such as modeling linguistic structures and interactions - remains limited. This gap extends to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Hala Hawashin

Natural language processing (NLP) problems are ubiquitous in classical computing, where they often require significant computational resources to infer sentence meanings. With the appearance of quantum computing hardware and simulators, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-09 Lee J. O'Riordan , Myles Doyle , Fabio Baruffa , Venkatesh Kannan

There has been tremendous progress in Artificial Intelligence (AI) for music, in particular for musical composition and access to large databases for commercialisation through the Internet. We are interested in further advancing this field,…

Quantum Natural Language Processing (QNLP) is taking huge leaps in solving the shortcomings of classical Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques and moving towards a more "Explainable" NLP system. The current literature around QNLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Naman Srivastava , Gaurang Belekar , Sunil Saumya , Aswath Babu H

The Categorical Compositional Distributional (DisCoCat) framework models meaning in natural language using the mathematical framework of quantum theory, expressed as formal diagrams. DisCoCat diagrams can be associated with tensor networks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Jurek Eisinger , Ward Gauderis , Lin de Huybrecht , Geraint A. Wiggins

Guided by grammatical structure, words compose to form sentences, and guided by discourse structure, sentences compose to form dialogues and documents. The compositional aspect of sentence and discourse units is often overlooked by machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Hadi Wazni , Mehrnoosh Sadrzadeh

The present study aims to explore the feasibility of language translation using quantum natural language processing algorithms on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Classical methods in natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Mina Abbaszade , Mariam Zomorodi , Vahid Salari , Philip Kurian

Quantum Natural Language Processing (QNLP) offers a novel approach to encoding and understanding the complexity of natural languages through the power of quantum computation. This paper presents a pretrained quantum context-sensitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Charles M. Varmantchaonala , Niclas Götting , Nils-Erik Schütte , Jean Louis E. K. Fendji , Christopher Gies
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