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When data are clustered, common practice has become to do OLS and use an estimator of the covariance matrix of the OLS estimator that comes close to unbiasedness. In this paper we derive an estimator that is unbiased when the random-effects…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-06-22 Tom Boot , Gianmaria Niccodemi , Tom Wansbeek

Longitudinal studies are often conducted to explore the cohort and age effects in many scientific areas. The within cluster correlation structure plays a very important role in longitudinal data analysis. This is because not only can an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Yan Sun , Wenyang Zhang , Howell Tong

A regression method for proportional, or fractional, data with mixed effects is outlined, designed for analysis of datasets in which the outcomes have substantial weight at the bounds. In such cases a normal approximation is particularly…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-23 Colman Humphrey , Dan Swingley

Model selection aims to identify a sufficiently well performing model that is possibly simpler than the most complex model among a pool of candidates. However, the decision-making process itself can inadvertently introduce non-negligible…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-08 Yann McLatchie , Aki Vehtari

The existing theory of penalized quantile regression for longitudinal data has focused primarily on point estimation. In this work, we investigate statistical inference. We propose a wild residual bootstrap procedure and show that it is…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-10 Carlos Lamarche , Thomas Parker

In the analysis of cluster data, the regression coefficients are frequently assumed to be the same across all clusters. This hampers the ability to study the varying impacts of factors on each cluster. In this paper, a semiparametric model…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-08-25 Wenyang Zhang , Jianqing Fan , Yan Sun

We devise survey-weighted pseudo posterior distribution estimators under two-stage informative sampling of both primary clusters and secondary nested units for a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) population generating model as a simple…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-16 Terrance D. Savitsky , Matthew R. Williams , Sanvesh Srivastava

Linear mixed models are widely used for analyzing hierarchically structured data involving missingness and unbalanced study designs. We consider a Bayesian clustering method that combines linear mixed models and predictive projections. For…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-07 Yinan Mao , David J. Nott

Adaptive sample size re-estimation, early stopping, and trial re-design at interim analyses can reduce expected sample sizes in randomised trials. Cluster randomised trials, in which groups of participants are randomly allocated to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-09 Samuel I. Watson , James Martin

We propose a censored quantile regression estimator motivated by unbiased estimating equations. Under the usual conditional independence assumption of the survival time and the censoring time given the covariates, we show that the proposed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-02-04 Chenlei Leng , Xingwei Tong

It is known that the estimating equations for quantile regression (QR) can be solved using an EM algorithm in which the M-step is computed via weighted least squares, with weights computed at the E-step as the expectation of independent…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-26 Haim Bar , James Booth , Martin T. Wells

Causal inference analyses often use existing observational data, which in many cases has some clustering of individuals. In this paper we discuss propensity score weighting methods in a multilevel setting where within clusters individuals…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-24 Youjin Lee , Trang Q. Nguyen , Elizabeth A. Stuart

This paper presents a clustering approach that allows for rigorous statistical error control similar to a statistical test. We develop estimators for both the unknown number of clusters and the clusters themselves. The estimators depend on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-13 Michael Vogt , Matthias Schmid

Managers, employers, policymakers, and others often seek to understand whether decisions are biased against certain groups. One popular analytic strategy is to estimate disparities after adjusting for observed covariates, typically with a…

Applications · Statistics 2024-01-29 Jongbin Jung , Sam Corbett-Davies , Johann D. Gaebler , Ravi Shroff , Sharad Goel

This Element offers a practical guide to estimating conditional marginal effects-how treatment effects vary with a moderating variable-using modern statistical methods. Commonly used approaches, such as linear interaction models, often…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-21 Jiehan Liu , Ziyi Liu , Yiqing Xu

We propose an approach to better inform treatment decisions at an individual level by adapting recent advances in average treatment effect estimation to conditional average treatment effect estimation. Our work is based on doubly robust…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-13 Aaron Fisher , Virginia Fisher

Random forests are powerful non-parametric regression method but are severely limited in their usage in the presence of randomly censored observations, and naively applied can exhibit poor predictive performance due to the incurred biases.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-13 Alexander Hanbo Li , Jelena Bradic

Random-effects models are frequently used to synthesise information from different studies in meta-analysis. While likelihood-based inference is attractive both in terms of limiting properties and of implementation, its application in…

Applications · Statistics 2018-05-25 Sophia Kyriakou , Ioannis Kosmidis , Nicola Sartori

Marginal model is a popular instrument for studying longitudinal data and cluster data. This paper investigates the estimator of marginal model with subgroup auxiliary information. To marginal model, we propose a new type of auxiliary…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-11 Jie He , Xiaogang Duan , Shumei Zhang , Hui Li

Random-effects models are frequently used to synthesise information from different studies in meta-analysis. While likelihood-based inference is attractive both in terms of limiting properties and of implementation, its application in…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-16 Ioannis Kosmidis , Annamaria Guolo , Cristiano Varin