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To use strong gravitational lenses as an astrophysical or cosmological probe, models of their mass distributions are often needed. We present a new, time-efficient automation code for uniform modeling of strongly lensed quasars with GLEE, a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 S. Ertl , S. Schuldt , S. H. Suyu , T. Schmidt , T. Treu , S. Birrer , A. J. Shajib , D. Sluse

In principle, the most straightforward method of estimating the Hubble constant relies on time delays between mirage images of strongly-lensed sources. It is a puzzle, then, that the values of H0 obtained with this method span a range from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-22 Anna Barnacka , Margaret Geller , Ian P. Dell'Antonio , Wystan Benbow

Gravitational lensing has long been used to measure or constrain cosmology models. Although the lensing effect of gravitational waves has not been observed by LIGO/Virgo, it is expected that there can be a few to a few hundreds lensed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-19 Shaoqi Hou , Xi-Long Fan , Zong-Hong Zhu

One challenge in strong gravitational lensing cosmography is the measurement of time delays between multiple lensed images, which are essential for constraining the Hubble constant (\(H_0\)). In this study, we investigate how assumptions…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-20 Guanhua Rui , Bin Hu , Wei Du

The distribution of differential time delays \Delta t between images produced by strong gravitational lensing contains information on the mass distributions in the lensing objects as well as on cosmological parameters such as H_0. We derive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Masamune Oguri , Atsushi Taruya , Yasushi Suto , Edwin L. Turner

In this paper, we go further and propose a cosmological model-independent approach to simultaneously determine the Hubble constant and cosmic curvature with strong lensing time-delay measurements, without any prior assumptions regarding the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-19 Tonghua Liu , Shuo Cao , Sixuan Zhang , Chenfa Zheng , Wuzheng Guo

The time delay measured between the images of gravitationally lensed quasars probes a combination of the angular diameter distance to the source-lens system and the mass density profile of the lens. Observational campaigns to measure such…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Kfir Blum , Emanuele Castorina , Marko Simonović

An attempt to measure the Hubble constant with gravitational lens time delays is often limited by the strong degeneracy between radial mass profiles of lens galaxies and the Hubble constant. We show that strong gravitational lensing of type…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Masamune Oguri , Yozo Kawano

The Hubble constant ($H_0$), a crucial parameter in cosmology, quantifies the expansion rate of the universe so its precise measurement is important to understand the fundamental dynamics of our evolving universe. One of the major…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-29 Narayan Khadka , Simon Birrer , Alexie Leauthaud , Holden Nix

In recent years, a crisis in the standard cosmology has been caused by inconsistencies in the measurements of some key cosmological parameters, Hubble constant $H_0$ and cosmic curvature parameter $\Omega_K$ for example. It is necessary to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-17 Meng-Di Cao , Jie Zheng , Jing-Zhao Qi , Xin Zhang , Zong-Hong Zhu

Strong lensing gravitational time delays are a powerful and cost effective probe of dark energy. Recent studies have shown that a single lens can provide a distance measurement with 6-7 % accuracy (including random and systematic…

If the gravitational lens is surrounded by non-homoheneous plasma, in addition to the vacuum gravitational deflection, chromatic refraction occurs. Also, the speed of signal propagation decreases compared to vacuum. In this article, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-12 Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan , Oleg Yu. Tsupko

This paper presents a new model-independent constraint on the Hubble constant ($H_0$) by anchoring relative distances from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observations to absolute distance measurements from time-delay strong Gravitational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-13 L. R. Colaço

The light travel time differences in strong gravitational lensing systems allows an independent determination of the Hubble constant. This method has been successfully applied to several lens systems. The formally most precise measurements…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Peter Schneider , Dominique Sluse

Inferring cosmological parameters from time-delay strong lenses requires a significant investment of telescope time; it is therefore tempting to focus on the systems with the brightest sources, the highest image multiplicities and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-07 Thomas E. Collett , Steven D. Cunnington

Combining the `time-delay distance' ($D_{\Delta t}$) measurements from galaxy lenses and other distance indicators provides model-independent determinations of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) and spatial curvature ($\Omega_{K,0}$), only based…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-31 Shen-Shi Du , Jun-Jie Wei , Zhi-Qiang You , Zu-Cheng Chen , Zong-Hong Zhu , En-Wei Liang

The modern time-delay cosmography aims to infer the cosmological parameters with a competitive precision from observing a multiply imaged quasar. The success of this technique relies upon a robust modeling of the lens mass distribution.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-21 Olivier Wertz , Bastian Orthen

We have reanalysed the 1996/1997 VLA monitoring data of the gravitational lens system JVAS B0218+357 to produce improved total flux density and polarization variability curves at 15, 8.4 and 5 GHz. This has been done using improved…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-21 A. D. Biggs , I. W. A. Browne

We present a self-consistent and versatile forward modelling software package that can produce time series and pixel-level simulations of time-varying strongly lensed systems. The time dimension, which needs to take into account different…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-16 Georgios Vernardos

The current standard time delay formula (CSTD) in gravitational lensing and its claimed relation to the lens equation through Fermat's principle (least time principle) have been puzzling to the author for some time. We find that the…

General Physics · Physics 2011-03-17 Sun Hong Rhie