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Torque is ubiquitous in many molecular systems, including collisions, chemical reactions, vibrations, electronic excitations and especially rotor molecules. We present a straightforward theoretical method based on forces acting on atoms and…

Frontier orbitals, i.e., the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied orbitals of a molecule, generally determine molecular properties, such as chemical bonding and reactivities. Consequently, there has been a lot of interest in measuring…

Electromagnetic fluctuation-induced forces between atoms and surfaces are generally known as Casimir-Polder interactions. The exact knowledge of these forces is rapidly becoming important in modern experimental set-ups and for technological…

Mobile microscopic bodies, such as motile cells, can be modelled phenomenologically as ``active particles'' which can move against external forces by depleting an internal energy depot. The microscopic mechanisms underlying such ``active''…

We discuss some elementary examples of interactions (at low velocity) between point charges and magnetic dipoles using potentials, along the lines indicated by Konopinsky, and show that the physical interpretation might look quite different…

Ultracold polar molecules offer the possibility of exploring quantum gases with interparticle interactions that are strong, long-range, and spatially anisotropic. This is in stark contrast to the dilute gases of ultracold atoms, which have…

In living cells, molecular motors convert chemical energy into mechanical work. Its thermodynamic energy efficiency, i.e. the ratio of output mechanical work to input chemical energy, is usually high. However, using two-state models, we…

Elastic scattering resonances occurring in ultracold collisions of either bosonic or fermionic polar molecules are investigated. The Born-Oppenheimer adiabatic representation of the two-bodydynamics provides both a qualitative…

The physics governing electron acceleration by a relativistically intense laser are not confined to the critical density surface, they also pervade the sub-critical plasma in front of the target. Here, particles can gain many times the…

It is discussed how vibrationally excited molecules in their electronic ground state can transfer their vibrational energy to the electronic motion of neighbors and ionize them. Based on explicit examples of vibrationally excited molecules…

We investigate the impact of an electric field on the structure of ultralong-range polar diatomic Rydberg molecules. Both the s-wave and p-wave interactions of the Rydberg electron and the neutral ground state atom are taken into account.…

The activity of biological cells is primarily based on chemical reactions and typically modeled as a reaction-diffusion system. Cells are, however, highly crowded with macromolecules, including a variety of molecular machines such as…

Currently, biological signaling is envisaged as a combination of activation and movement, triggered by local molecular interactions and molecular diffusion, respectively. However, we here suggest, that other fundamental physical mechanisms…

Tracking experiments in dense biological tissues reveal a diversity of sources f or local energy injection at the cell scale. The effect of cell motility has been largely studied, but much less is known abo ut the effect of the observed…

While mechanobiology has demonstrated that precise control over mechanical properties at the whole-cell level is crucial for many biological functions, comparatively little attention has been paid to the intracellular mechanical properties.…

There are many processes in biology in which mechanical forces are generated. Force-bearing networks can transduce locally developed mechanical signals very extensively over different parts of the cell or tissues. In this article we conduct…

Experimental studies of systems containing active proteins that undergo conformational changes driven by catalytic chemical reactions have shown that the diffusion coefficients of passive tracer particles and active molecules are larger…

A recent surge of discoveries has sparked significant interest in active systems where a particle moves autonomously in resonance with its self-generated wave field, leading to notable wave-mediated effects including new propulsion…

The interaction between charged objects in solution is generally expected to recapitulate two central principles of electromagnetics: (i) like-charged objects repel, and (ii) they do so regardless of the sign of their electrical charge.…

We study exciton quantum transfer along a molecular chain whilst accounting for the effects of permanent dipoles that are induced by charge displacements in the molecular orbitals. These effects are typically neglected as they do not arise…