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Time domain science forms an increasing fraction of astronomical programs at many facilities. Synoptic and targeted observing modes of transient, varying, and moving sources rely on precise clocks to provide the underlying time tags. Often…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-05 Robert L. Seaman , Alex R. Gibbs

This paper presents a novel time synchronization attack (TSA) model for the Global Positioning System (GPS) based on clock data behavior changes in a higher-order derivative domain. Further, the time synchronization attack rejection and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-02 Erick Schmidt , Junhwan Lee , Nikolaos Gatsis , David Akopian

Network Time Protocol (NTP) is used by millions of hosts in Internet today to synchronize their clocks. Clock synchronization is necessary for many network applications to function correctly. Unsynchronized clock may lead to failure of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Nikhil Tripathi , Neminath Hubballi

Global Navigation Satellite Systems enable precise localization and timing even for highly mobile devices, but legacy implementations provide only limited support for the new generation of security-enhanced signals. Inertial Measurement…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Tore Johansson , Marco Spanghero , Panos Papadimitratos

The availability of cheap GNSS spoofers can prevent safe navigation and tracking of road users. It can lead to loss of assets, inaccurate fare estimation, enforcing the wrong speed limit, miscalculated toll tax, passengers reaching an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Aneet Kumar Dutta , Sebastian Brandt , Mridula Singh

The threat of signal spoofing attacks against GNSS has grown in recent years and has motivated the study of anti-spoofing techniques. However, defense methods have been designed only against specific attacks. This paper introduces a general…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-24 Laura Crosara , Francesco Ardizzon , Stefano Tomasin , Nicola Laurenti

The Global Positioning System (GPS), one of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), provides accurate position, navigation and time (PNT) information to various applications. One of the application that is highly receiving attention…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-24 Seunghyeon Park , Joon Hyo Rhee

The Domain Name System (DNS) provides a translation between readable domain names and IP addresses. The DNS is a key infrastructure component of the Internet and a prime target for a variety of attacks. One of the most significant threat to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Harel Berger , Amit Z. Dvir , Moti Geva

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is an emerging technology now-a-days and has a wide range of applications such as battlefield surveillance, traffic surveillance, forest fire detection, flood detection etc. But wireless sensor networks are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-07-16 Deepali Virmani , Ankita Soni , Shringarica Chandel , Manas Hemrajani

The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) continues to evolve in order to meet the demands of emerging applications such as autonomous driving and smart environmental monitoring. However, these advancements are accompanied by a rise in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-03 Leatile Marata , Mariona Jaramillo-Civill , Tales Imbiriba , Petri Välisuo , Heidi Kuusniemi , Elena Simona Lohan , Pau Closas

Evolving 5G New Radio (NR) to support non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), particularly satellite communication networks, is under exploration in 3GPP. The movement of the spaceborne platforms in NTNs may result in large timing varying Doppler…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Xingqin Lin , Zhipeng Lin , Stefan Eriksson Löwenmark , Johan Rune , Robert Karlsson

This paper establishes a fundamental theory of secure clock synchronization. Accurate clock synchronization is the backbone of systems managing power distribution, financial transactions, telecommunication operations, database services,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Lakshay Narula , Todd Humphreys

This paper studies, for the first time, the trajectory planning problem in adversarial environments, where the objective is to design the trajectory of a robot to reach a desired final state despite the unknown and arbitrary action of an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-25 Yin-Chen Liu , Gianluca Bianchin , Fabio Pasqualetti

Many operations in power grids, such as fault detection and event location estimation, depend on precise timing information. In this paper, a novel Time Synchronization Attack (TSA) is proposed to attack the timing information in smart…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-04-03 Zhenghao Zhang , Shuping Gong , Aleksandar D. Dimitrovski , Husheng Li

Securing wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a hard problem. In particular, network access control is notoriously difficult to achieve due to the inherent broadcast characteristics of wireless communications: an attacker can easily target…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-05-20 Matthias Wilhelm , Ivan Martinovic , Jens B. Schmitt , Vincent Lenders

Intentional interference, and in particular GNSS spoofing, is currently one of the most significant concerns of the Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) community. With the adoption of Open Service Navigation Message Authentication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Gonzalo Seco-Granados , David Gomez-Casco , Jose A. Lopez-Salcedo , Ignacio Fernandez-Hernandez

GNSS receivers are vulnerable to jamming and spoofing attacks, and numerous such incidents have been reported worldwide in the last decade. It is important to detect attacks fast and localize attackers, which can be hard if not impossible…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-02 Glädje Karl Olsson , Erik Axell , Erik G. Larsson , Panos Papadimitratos

In a wireless sensor network, data from various sensors are gathered to estimate the system-state of the process system. However, adversaries aim at distorting the system-state estimate, for which they may infiltrate sensors or position…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Stefan Roth , Aydin Sezgin , Roman Bessel , H. Vincent Poor

Global Positioning System (GPS) is used ubiquitously in a wide variety of applications ranging from navigation and tracking to modern smart grids and communication networks. However, it has been demonstrated that modern GPS receivers are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-18 Aanjhan Ranganathan , Hildur Ólafsdóttir , Srdjan Capkun

A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) uses a constellation of satellites around the earth for accurate navigation, timing, and positioning. Natural phenomena like space weather introduce irregularities in the Earth's ionosphere,…