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Recent studies have shown that by introducing prior knowledge, multi-scale analysis of complex and non-stationary time series in real environments can achieve good results in the field of long-term forecasting. However, affected by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Bin Wang , Heming Yang , Jinfang Sheng

Time series forecasting is a long-standing problem in statistics and machine learning. One of the key challenges is processing sequences with long-range dependencies. To that end, a recent line of work applied the short-time Fourier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Eyal Yakir , Dor Tsur , Haim Permuter

Introduction: Long-term time series forecasting (LTSF) has gained significant attention in recent years. While various specialized designs exist for capturing temporal dependency, recent studies have shown that even a single linear layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhe Li , Shiyi Qi , Yiduo Li , Zenglin Xu

Multivariate Time Series Forecasting (MTSF) plays a crucial role across diverse fields, ranging from economic, energy, to traffic. In recent years, deep learning has demonstrated outstanding performance in MTSF tasks. In MTSF, modeling the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xiangfei Qiu , Hanyin Cheng , Xingjian Wu , Junkai Lu , Jilin Hu , Chenjuan Guo , Christian S. Jensen , Bin Yang

While numerous forecasters have been proposed using different network architectures, the Transformer-based models have state-of-the-art performance in time series forecasting. However, forecasters based on Transformers are still suffering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Kun Yi , Jingru Fei , Qi Zhang , Hui He , Shufeng Hao , Defu Lian , Wei Fan

The long horizon forecasting (LHF) problem has come up in the time series literature for over the last 35 years or so. This review covers aspects of LHF in this period and how deep learning has incorporated variants of trend, seasonality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Hans Krupakar , Kandappan V A

The stable periodic patterns present in time series data serve as the foundation for conducting long-horizon forecasts. In this paper, we pioneer the exploration of explicitly modeling this periodicity to enhance the performance of models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Shengsheng Lin , Weiwei Lin , Xinyi Hu , Wentai Wu , Ruichao Mo , Haocheng Zhong

Multivariate time series forecasting is a pivotal task in several domains, including financial planning, medical diagnostics, and climate science. This paper presents the Neural Fourier Transform (NFT) algorithm, which combines…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Noam Koren , Kira Radinsky

Diffusion models, initially developed for image synthesis, demonstrate remarkable generative capabilities. Recently, their application has expanded to time series forecasting (TSF), yielding promising results. Existing surveys on time…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-03 Chen Su , Zhengzhou Cai , Yuanhe Tian , Zhuochao Chang , Zihong Zheng , Yan Song

Recent innovations in diffusion probabilistic models have paved the way for significant progress in image, text and audio generation, leading to their applications in generative time series forecasting. However, leveraging such abilities to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yuansan Liu , Sudanthi Wijewickrema , Dongting Hu , Christofer Bester , Stephen O'Leary , James Bailey

Hierarchical time-series forecasting (HTSF) is an important problem for many real-world business applications where the goal is to simultaneously forecast multiple time-series that are related to each other via a hierarchical relation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Harshavardhan Kamarthi , Aditya B. Sasanur , Xinjie Tong , Xingyu Zhou , James Peters , Joe Czyzyk , B. Aditya Prakash

Forecasting future outcomes from recent time series data is not easy, especially when the future data are different from the past (i.e. time series are under temporal drifts). Existing approaches show limited performances under data drifts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Jaehoon Lee , Chan Kim , Gyumin Lee , Haksoo Lim , Jeongwhan Choi , Kookjin Lee , Dongeun Lee , Sanghyun Hong , Noseong Park

Recent studies have attempted to refine the Transformer architecture to demonstrate its effectiveness in Long-Term Time Series Forecasting (LTSF) tasks. Despite surpassing many linear forecasting models with ever-improving performance, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Peiwang Tang , Weitai Zhang

Time Series Forecasting is at the core of many practical applications such as sales forecasting for business, rainfall forecasting for agriculture and many others. Though this problem has been extensively studied for years, it is still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Anirban Chatterjee , Subhadip Paul , Uddipto Dutta , Smaranya Dey

We propose a novel approach to the problem of clustering hierarchically aggregated time-series data, which has remained an understudied problem though it has several commercial applications. We first group time series at each aggregated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Xing Han , Tongzheng Ren , Jing Hu , Joydeep Ghosh , Nhat Ho

As multimodal data proliferates across diverse real-world applications, leveraging heterogeneous information such as texts and timestamps for accurate time series forecasting (TSF) has become a critical challenge. While diffusion models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Da Zhang , Bingyu Li , Zhuyuan Zhao , Junyu Gao , Feiping Nie , Xuelong Li

The distribution shift in Time Series Forecasting (TSF), indicating series distribution changes over time, largely hinders the performance of TSF models. Existing works towards distribution shift in time series are mostly limited in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Wei Fan , Pengyang Wang , Dongkun Wang , Dongjie Wang , Yuanchun Zhou , Yanjie Fu

Time series forecasting is critical for decision-making across dynamic domains such as energy, finance, transportation, and cloud computing. However, real-world time series often exhibit non-stationarity, including temporal distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Junkai Lu , Peng Chen , Chenjuan Guo , Yang Shu , Meng Wang , Bin Yang

The problem of forecasting weather has been scientifically studied for centuries due to its high impact on human lives, transportation, food production and energy management, among others. Current operational forecasting models are based on…

Time series has wide applications in the real world and is known to be difficult to forecast. Since its statistical properties change over time, its distribution also changes temporally, which will cause severe distribution shift problem to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Yuntao Du , Jindong Wang , Wenjie Feng , Sinno Pan , Tao Qin , Renjun Xu , Chongjun Wang